Caltech Authors
(24.239 recursos)
Repository of works by Caltech published authors.
Mostrando recursos 1 - 11 de 11
1.
Effect of Wedge-Shaped Deflectors on Flow Fields of Dual-Stream Jets - Shupe, Rebecca S.; Zaman, Khairul B.; Papamoschou, Dimitri
The effect of wedge-shaped fan flow deflectors on the mean and turbulent flow-fields of dual-stream jets is investigated. Several wedge-shaped deflector concepts were used to create asymmetry in the plume of a dual-stream jet issuing from a scaled down version of the NASA Glenn ‘5BB’ bypass-ratio 8 turbofan nozzle. The deflector configurations comprised internal and external wedges with and without a pylon. Some external wedges incorporated local extensions of the fan nacelle. All the deflectors reduced radial velocity gradients, magnitudes of peak Reynolds stresses, and peak turbulent kinetic energy beneath
the jet centerplane, with an increase above the jet centerplane. A...
2.
Flow Field of a Dual-Stream Jet with External Wedge-
Shaped Deflector - Shupe, Rebecca S.; DeBonis, James R.
The research effort is a Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) investigation that looks at the flow-field and performance of a bypass ratio 8 nozzle with an external wedgeshaped noise suppressor, simulating the exhaust of a turbofan engine at takeoff conditions. Peak turbulence was reduced by the wedge on the side opposite the deflector, and it was increased in the initial region of the jet behind the deflector. Flow-field trends agreed with the expectations based on static jet experiments. The calculated thrust loss was 1.1% at takeoff conditions.
3.
Effect of Nozzle Geometry on Jet Noise Reduction Using Fan Flow Deflectors - Papamoschou, Dimitri; Shupe, Rebecca S.
We examine the effect of baseline nozzle shape on the ability of fan flow deflectors to reduce downward-emitted turbulent mixing noise of coaxial jets simulating the exhaust condition of a turbofan engine. Several deflector concepts were tested on a nozzle with parallel exit flow lines and a nozzle with convergent flow lines. In every comparison the nozzle with convergent flow lines produced superior acoustic benefit. Mean flow measurements indicate that the convergent lines help the deflectors reduce velocity gradients uniformly on the underside of the jet. In contrast, the parallel flow lines contributed to reduction in gradients in a narrow...
4.
A Numerical Investigation of Unsteady Bubbly Cavitating Nozzle Flows - Preston, Al; Colonius, Tim; Brennen, Christopher E.
The effects of unsteady bubble dynamics on cavitating flow through a converging-diverging nozzle are investigated numerically. A continuum model that couples the Rayleigh-Plesset equation with the continuity and momentum equations is used to formulate unsteady, quasi-one-dimensional partial differential equations. These equations are solved numerically using a Lagrangian finite volume method. Special formulations are used at the boundary cells to allow Eulerian boundary conditions to be specified. Flow regimes studied include those where steady state solutions exist, and those where steady state solutions diverge at the so-called flashing instability. These latter flows consist of unsteady bubbly shock waves travelling downstream in...
5.
Toward Efficient Computation of Heat and Mass Transfer Effects in the Continuum Model for Bubbly Cavitating Flows - Preston, Al; Colonius, Tim; Brennen, Christopher E.
The Rayleigh-Plesset equation is used extensively to model spherical bubble dynamics, yet is has been shown that it cannot correctly capture damping effects due to mass and thermal diffusion. Full single bubble models have been successfully used to study these diffusion effects, but these are to computationally expensive to implement into the continuum model for bubbly cavitating flow since the diffusion equations must be solved in the radial direction at each position in the flow. The focus of the present research is the development of simpler and more efficient bubbly dynamic models that capture the important aspects of the diffusion...
6.
A Reduced-Order Model of Heat Transfer Effects on the Dynamics of Bubbles - Preston, A.; Colonius, T.; Brennen, C. E.
The Rayleigh-Plesset equation has been used extensively to model spherical bubble dynamics, yet it has been shown that it cannot correctly capture damping effects due to mass and thermal diffusion. Radial diffusion equations may be solved for a single bubble, but these are too computationally expensive to implement into a continuum model for bubbly cavitating flows since the diffusion equations must be solved at each position in the flow. The goal of the present research is to derive reduced-order models that account for thermal and mass diffusion. We present a model that can capture the damping effects of the diffusion...
7.
Reduced-Order Modeling of Diffusive Effects on the Dynamics of Bubbles - Preston, A.; Colonius, T.; Brennen, C. E.
The Rayleigh-Plesset equation and its extensions have been used extensively to model spherical bubble dynamics, yet radial diffusion equations must be solved to correctly capture damping effects due to mass and thermal diffusion. The latter are too computationally intensive to implement into a continuum model for bubbly cavitating flows, since the diffusion equations must be solved at each position in the flow. The goal of the present research is to derive a reduced-order model that accounts for thermal and mass diffusion. Motivated by results of applying the Proper Orthogonal Decomposition to data from full radial computations, we derive a model...
8.
Computing Shock Waves in Cloud Cavitation - Brennen, Christopher E.; Colonius, Tim; d'Auria, Fabrizio
This paper presents a numerical investigation of some of the phenomena involved in the nonlinear dynamics of a homogeneous bubbly mixture bounded by an oscillatory wall. This problem represents an idealization of the flow in a typical vibratory cavitation damage device. Results are presented showing that wave steepening and ultimately shock wave formation occur as the magnitude of the excitation increases. The propagation characteristics of the waves through the bubbly medium have also been studied. Strong pressure peaks of short duration, corresponding to the coherent collapse of the bubble clusters, are computed and accurately resolved, both in space and time....
10.
Small amplitude kinematic wave propagation in two-component media - Kytomaa, H. K.; Brennen, C. E.
The speed and attenuation of small amplitude kinematic waves were measured in vertical bubbly and particulate flows in a continuous medium of water. This was done by evaluating the time delay and phase lag of coherent random fluctuations in the volume fraction signal at two measuring locations. The volume fraction was monitored using two closely spaced Impedance Volume Fraction Meters (Kytomaa (1986)). Using the broad-band volume fraction perturbations yields the dependence of the kinematic speed and attenuation of wave number from a single experiment for one set of conditions. The kinematic waves were found to be non-dispersive. Bubbly flows are...
11.
Cloud cavitation : observations, calculations and shock waves - Brennen, Christopher E.
A recent significant advance in our understanding of cavitating flows is the importance of the interactions between bubbles in determining the coherent motions, dynamic and acoustic, of the bubbles in a cavitating flow. This lecture will review recent experimental and computational findings which confirm that, under certain conditions, the collapse of clouds of cavitating bubbles involves the formation of bubbly shock waves and that the focussing of these shock waves is responsible for enhanced noise and potential damage in cloud cavitation. The recent experiments of Reisman et al. (1998) complements the work begun by Mørch and Kedrinskii and their co-workers...
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