Aquatic Commons
(22.204 recursos)
The Aquatic Commons is a thematic digital repository covering the natural marine, estuarine /brackish and fresh water environments . It includes all aspects of the science, technology, management and conservation of these environments, their organisms and resources, and the economic, sociological and legal aspects.
Subject = Agriculture
Mostrando recursos 1 - 20 de 124
1.
Solomon Islands national situation analysis - Govan, H.; Schwarz, A.M.; Harohau, D.; Oeta, J.
The CGIAR Research Program on Aquatic Agricultural Systems (CRP AAS) was approved by the CGIAR Fund Council in July, 2011. Solomon Islands, one of five countries targeted by the program, began its rollout with a five month planning phase between August and December of 2011. Subsequent steps of the Program rollout include scoping, diagnosis and design. This report is the first to be produced during the scoping phase in Solomon Islands; it addresses the national setting and provides basic information on the context within which the AAS Program will operate. The macro level subjects of analysis provide initial baselines of...
2.
Building coalitions, creating change: An agenda for gender transformative research in agricultural development
The CGIAR Research Program on Aquatic Agricultural Systems (AAS) has developed its Gender Research in Development Strategy centered on a transformative approach. Translating this strategy into actual research and development practice poses a considerable challenge, as not much (documented) experience exists in the agricultural sector to draw on, and significant innovation is required. A process of transformative change requires reflecting on multiple facets and dimensions simultaneously. This working paper is a collation of think pieces, structured around broad the mes and topics, reflecting on what works (and what does not) in the application of gender transformative approaches in agriculture and...
3.
Collaborative governance assessment - Ratner, B.D.
This Guidance Note presents a simple approach to analyzing the governance context for development of aquatic agricultural systems; it is intended as an aid to action research, and a contribution to effective program planning and evaluation. It provides a brief introduction to the value of assessing governance collaboratively, summarizes an analytical framework, and offers practical guidance on three stages of the process: identifying obstacles and opportunities, debating strategies for influence, and planning collaborative actions.
4.
Ex-ante assessment of integrated aquaculture-agriculture adoption and impact in Southern Malawi - Tran, N.; Crissman, C.; Chijere, A.; Hong, M.C.; Teoh, S.J.; Valdivia, R.O.
There are increasing requirements for impact assessment by development partners in order to increase the accountability and effectiveness of research and development projects. Impact assessment research has been dominated by conventional economic methods. This context challenges agricultural research organizations to develop and apply alternative impact assessment methods incorporating economic, social, and environmental impact components. In this study, we use the Tradeoff Analysis for Multi-Dimensional Impact Assessment (TOA-MD) model to evaluate the impact of integrated aquaculture-agriculture (IAA) adoption in Malawi. The study demonstrated that with a minimal data set, the TOA-MD model can be applied to predict and assess the adoption...
5.
Economic and social impacts of Integrated Aquaculture-Agriculture technologies in Bangladesh - Murshed-E-Jahan, K.; Crissman, C.; Antle, J.
This study estimated the adoption rate of integrated aquaculture-agriculture (IAA) technologies in Bangladesh and their impact on poverty and fish and food consumption in adopting households. We used a novel, simulation-based approach to impact assessment called Tradeoff Analysis for Multi-Dimensional Impact Assessment (TOA-MD). We used the TOA-MD model to demonstrate how it is possible to use available data to estimate adoption rates in relevant populations, and to quantify impacts on distributional outcomes such as poverty and food security, thus demonstrating ex ante the potential for further investment in technology dissemination. The analysis used baseline and end-of-project survey data from WorldFish-implemented...
6.
The review of recent advances in fish genetics and biotechnology - Mgbabu , Christopher Nwokwa
Great advances have been, and are being made in our knowledge of the genetics and molecular biology (including genomics, proteomics and structural biology). Global molecular profiling technologies such as microassays using DNA or oligonucleotide chip, and protein and lipid chips are being developed. The application of such biotechnological advances are inevitable in aquaculture in the areas of improvement of aquaculture stocks where many molecular markers such as RFLPs, AFLDs and RAPD are now available for genome analysis, finger printing and genetic linkage mapping. Transgenic technology has been developed in a number of fish species and research is being pursed to...
7.
Technical efficiency in artisanal fisheries (AF) in Badagry local government area of Lagos State, Nigeria - Ogunniyi, L.T.; Ajao, , A.O.; Sanusi , W.A.
This study examined the technical efficiency in artisanal fisheries in Lagos State of Nigeria. The study employed a two stage random sampling procedure for the selection of 120 respondents. The analytical techniques involved descriptive statistics and estimation of technical efficiency following maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) procedure available in FRONTIER 4.1. The MLE result of the stochastic frontier production function showed that hired labour, cost of repair and capital items are critical factors that influences productivity of artisanal fishermen with the coefficient of hired labour being highly elastic. This implies that employing more labour will significantly increase the catch in the...
8.
Participatory action research on climate risk management, Bangladesh - Braun, M.; Saroar, M.
The rural populations of southern Bangladesh are some of the most vulnerable communities in the world to the future impacts of climate change. They are particularly at risk from floods, waterlogged soils, and increasing salinity of both land and water. The objective of this project was to analyze the vulnerability of people in four villages that are experiencing different levels of soil salinity. The study evaluated the strengths and weaknesses of current coping strategies and assessed the potential of an index-based insurance scheme, designed diversification and better information products to improve adaptive capacity.
9.
Resilient livelihoods and food security in coastal aquatic agricultural systems: Investing in transformational change
Aquatic agricultural systems (AAS) are diverse production and livelihood systems where families cultivate a range of crops, raise livestock, farm or catch fish, gather fruits and other tree crops, and harness natural resources such as timber, reeds, and wildlife. Aquatic agricultural systems occur along freshwater floodplains, coastal deltas, and inshore marine waters, and are characterized by dependence on seasonal changes in productivity, driven by seasonal variation in rainfall, river flow, and/or coastal and marine processes. Despite this natural productivity, the farming, fishing, and herding communities who live in these systems are among the poorest and most vulnerable in their countries...
10.
Strengthening impact evaluation in natural resource management - Timmers, B.; Apgar, M.
The workshop on Strengthening Evaluation in Natural Resource Management Research is part of an ACIAR-funded Small Research and Development Activity (SRA) on Assessing the Impacts of Natural Resource Management and Policy Research in Development Programs, with WorldFish and Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) as partners. The SRA objectives included a review of literature to identify challenges in assessing the impact of NRMR programs and to propose a framework that addresses them. An exploratory workshop was held in February 2012 to initiate collective action within the CGIAR Research Programs (CRPs) to identify and address their impact challenges and led...
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Microestructura, esfuerzos residuales y dureza en películas delgadas de nitruro de titanio-circonio = Microstructure, residual stress and hardness in titanium-zirconium nitride thin films - Escobar Rincón , Daniel
Películas delgadas de nitruro de titanio-circonio (TiZrN) fueron sintetizadas a diferentes valores de temperaturas del sustrato por medio de la técnica de deposición de arco catódico pulsado. Inicialmente, se realizó un
análisis de espectroscopía de energía dispersiva de rayos (EDS) con el fin de comprobar la presencia de los elementos químicos de Ti, Zr y N posterior a la deposición. Un análisis microestructural fue llevado a cabo por medio de
varios métodos debido a la presencia de anisotropías en la microdeformación y finalmente se realizó un modelamiento del patrón de difracción para determinar valores físicos reales de la microestructura de las películas;...
13.
Incidencia de las mediaciones pedagógicas en los procesos de
enseñanza y aprendizaje del concepto de función cuadrática = Incidence of pedagogical mediations in teaching and learning processes of quadratic function concept - Álvarez Cortés, Ricardo
El presente trabajo se realizó con cuatro grupos de matemáticas del grado noveno de la jornada de la tarde de la Institución Educativa Nuestra Señora del Carmen (IENSEC), en
los primeros cinco meses del año 2012. Se reconocieron los estilos de aprendizaje de cada uno de los estudiantes con base a un test libre de la web del profesor David A. Kolb
de la Universidad Cleveland, Ohio. Clasificándolos en cuatro grandes grupos como son:
Acomodador, Asimilador, Convergente y Divergente. Posteriormente se orientó el eje temático “función cuadrática” con homogeneidad de recursos a través de una guía común; seguidamente, se empleó con...
14.
Manizales, ¿ciudad del agua? - Duque Escobar, Gonzalo
Falta implementar desde la ciudad políticas públicas soportadas en procesos culturales para construir un territorio ambientalmente sustentable para Manizales, que comprendan la gran cuenca del río Chinchiná y sus patrimonios hídrico y biótico bajo la perspectiva de que estos no son recursos, y donde se contemplen estrategias y acciones concertadas para la adaptación al calentamiento global.
16.
Transforming aquatic agricultural systems towards gender equality: a five country review - Weeratunge, N.; Chiuta, T.M.; Choudhury, A.; Ferrer, A.; Husken, S.M.C.; Kura, Y.; Kusakabe, K.; Madzudzo, E.; Maetala, R.; Naved, R.; Schwarz, A.; Kantor, P.
Aquatic agricultural systems (AAS) are systems in which the annual production dynamics of freshwater and/or coastal ecosystems contribute significantly to total household income. Improving the livelihood security and wellbeing of the estimated 250 million poor people dependent on AAS in Bangladesh, Cambodia, the Philippines, the Solomon Islands and Zambia is the goal of the Worldfish Center-led Consortium Research Program (CRP), “Harnessing the development potential of aquatic agricultural systems for development.” One component expected to contribute to sustainably achieving this goal is enhancing the gender and wider social equity of the social, economic and political systems within which the AAS function....
17.
Impacts of climate change and variability on fish value chains in Uganda - Timmers, B.
This study examines the vulnerability of fish pr oduction in Uganda, particularly as it r elates to the predicted impacts from climate change, using the concept of the value chain. The value chain approach has been recommended as a useful tool to study specific challenges facing a sector resulting from various drivers of change, including climate. Critically, such analyses can reveal context-specific response strategies to enhance a sector (Jacinto and Pomer oy 2010). The specific purpose of the study was to identify curr ent and potential impacts of climate change and corresponding adaptation strategies in fish value chains. The study...
19.
Strengthening governance across scales in aquatic agricultural systems - Ratner, B.D.; Barman, B.; Cohen, P.; Mam, K.; Nagoli, K.; Allison, E.H.
Aquatic agricultural systems in developing countries face increasing competition from multiple stakeholders operating from local to national and regional scales over rights to access and use natural resources—land, water, wetlands, and fisheries-essential to rural livelihoods. A key implication is the need to strengthen governance to enable equitable decision-making amidst such competition, building capacities for resilience and transformations that reduce poverty. This paper provides a simple framework to analyze the governance context for aquatic agricultural system development focused on three dimensions: stakeholder representation, distribution of power, and mechanisms of accountability. Case studies from Cambodia, Bangladesh, Malawi/Mozambique, and Solomon Islands illustrate the...
20.
Contextos explicativos de los suicidios en Bogotá 1996-2005 / Explanatory context of suicides in Bogotá from 1996 to 2005 - González Ortiz , Jorge Oswaldo
El suicidio se define como la acción voluntaria por la que una persona se priva de la vida. Es un fenómeno universal que ha estado presente en todas las épocas y culturas, pero la actitud de las sociedades ha sido diferente dependiendo de las influencias religiosas, filosóficas, de las estructuras sociopoliticas y culturales y sobre todo de las ideas sobre la muerte y el más allá (Rodríguez; citado por Montalbán, 1998). En Colombia se presentan cerca de 1.800 suicidios al año, 150 casos al mes, 5 casos al día, o un case aproximadamente cada cinco horas. Cerca del 80% de...
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