Arrow Repository
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The ARROW Discovery Service searches simultaneously across the contents of Australian university research repositories,including theses; preprints; postprints; journal articles; book chapters; music recordings and pictures.
Mostrando recursos 101 - 120 de 483,040
101.
Desktop Computing - Distributed Cognition in a Tax Office - Martin Nielsen; Susanne Bødker
Based on a detailed study of the use of representations in a tax assessment process, this paper presents an an¬alysis of the use of the physical desktop and of paper documents, files and electronic information. This analysis challenges the ways in which the computer desktop is designed and used normally, and we present a number of challenges to user interface design. Taking these seriously, means to revisit several taken-for-granted elements of the current WIMP regime: the randomly overlapping windows on a non-structured background; the lack of traces of time and past location; and the individualised and non-activity-oriented set-up of the...
102.
Using Cultural Probes to Explore Mediated Intimacy - Jesper Kjeldskov; Martin Gibbs; Franks Vetere; Steve Howard; Sonja Pedell; Karen Mecoles; Marcus Bunyan
Intimacy is a crucial element of domestic life that has received insufficient attention from Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) researchers despite their rapidly growing interest in the design of interactive technologies for domestic use. Intimate acts differ from other activities, and there are unexplored opportunities to develop interactive technologies to support these acts. This paper presents the first phase of a two-part study exploring the potential of interactive technologies to support intimate relationships. We contribute to this uncharted domain of HCI research a literature review of concepts useful in understanding intimacy and methods for its investigation. We conclude with preliminary results and...
103.
3G Multimedia Content Production as Social Communication - Christine Satchell; Supriya Singh; John Zic
Young people are taking advantage of the ever-increasing accessibility and technical capabilities of 3G phones and the Internet to represent their experiences through multimedia content. However, this practice is inhibited by design shortcomings which don’t adequately protect the privacy of content, problemitise content management and which limit distribution. This paper explores how possible design solutions were envisioned thorough the use of a scenario, called the Trophy Room
104.
Shared Visualizations in Support of Distributed Creative Communities - Alastair Weakley; Ernest Edmonds
The paper is concerned with support for distributed groups of creative knowledge workers: in this case designers. We consider requirements that designers have regarding internalisation and externalisation of ideas and concepts as well as requirements relating to collaboration. We review an online system whose facilities for the graphical representation of data were found to be popular. The evaluation was in the context of a group task and the results, including instances of tacit knowledge sharing, have led us to formulate a number of recommendations as to how such systems might be made still more effective for collaborative working.
105.
Does Touching a Projection Augmented Model and Interacting with it using a Spatially-Coincident Device, Affect a User's Perception of its Size? - Emily Bennett; Brett Stevens
A Projection Augmented model (PA model) is a novel type of display. It consists of a real physical model, onto which a computer image is projected to create a realistic looking object. PA models provide their users with whole-hand haptic feedback and support spatially-coincident haptic interaction devices. This paper reports on an experiment that investigated the effect these factors have on a user’s perception of the size a PA model. Results showed that touching a PA model increased the accuracy of size estimates; however using a spatially-coincident haptic interaction device had no effect.
106.
Online Communities: researching sociability and usability in hard to reach populations - Jenny Preece
Thousands of social gatherings - online communities – occur via ICTs across the Internet. They use listservers, bulletin boards, instant messaging, blogs, social network and meeting facilitation systems and purpose-build platforms. Each community is the product of a complex set of interacting variables. Some of these variables come from usability of the software but social factors have a strong influence. Direct cause and effect relationships are often difficult to tease out and identifying criteria for successful online communities can be difficult. Furthermore several disciplines own this topic, each with its own theories, research methods, community of researchers and publication outlets....
108.
The Trichotomy of Processes: a philosophical basis for information systems - George Widmeyer
The principle of trichotomy from the American philosopher Charles S. Peirce can be used to categorize processes into the triad of transactional, relational, and informational. The usefulness of these categories is explicated by a comparison with structuration theory and control theory, and elaborated with a consideration of democracy in a knowledge economy. These three example applications of the process triad show the generality of the conceptual categories and provide a natural way of bringing ideas from social and ethical theories into information systems design. Modeling the world and understanding business applications through the use of the Trichotomy of Processes should...
109.
The Management of Intuition - John Haynes
Human intuition and the creativity afforded by that intuition is an aspect of the essential human-ness of any Human Being. Heidegger refers to this essential humanness as Dasein. Collectively and individually therefore, Dasein - and from that, intuition - should be an organization’s greatest asset. It is accordingly, at least initially, difficult to understand why the management of almost all organizations do not pay more attention to the development of this asset. This paper examines a phenomenological approach to managing intuition. In particular, the paper examines the nature of Heidegger’s notion of Ding-an-sich (the thing-in-itself), a grasp of which, it...
110.
A Critical Analysis of the Knowledge Creation Process - Stephen Probert
The topic of knowledge creation (Nonaka and Takeuchi, 1995) will be analysed from a philosophical perspective. To begin with, the key motivations behind the discourse of knowledge creation and management are briefly discussed. The contemporary distinction between tacit and explicit knowledge is then explored. Following this, the work of Lyotard on knowledge in a (post)modern economy will be summarised. The paper then explores how some of the work by Foucault and Adorno may provide a new direction for developing research approaches in this area.
111.
Patterns of Programmers' Use of Computer-Mediated Communications Systems - Chatpong Tangmanee
Communication behavior of programmers plays an essential role in success of software development. Computer-mediated communication (CMC) system, such as e-mail, or the World Wide Web (WWW), have substantial implications for coordinating work of programmers. Yet, no studies have dealt systematically with CMC behaviors of programmers. Drawing upon theories in organizational studies, information science, computer-mediated communication and software engineering, this research examines what programmers accomplish through CMC systems. Data were gathered from survey questionnaires mailed to 730 programmers, who are members of the Association of Computing Machinery (ACM) and are involved in a variety of programming work. Based on factor analysis,...
112.
Software Engineering Practices and Tool Support: an exploratory study in New Zealand - Chris Phillips; Jamie Alam
This study was designed as a preliminary investigation of the practices of software engineers within New Zealand, including their use of development tools. The project involved a review of relevant literature on software engineering and CASE tools, the development and testing of an interview protocol, and structured interviews with five software engineers. This paper describes the project, presents the findings, examines the results in the context of the literature and outlines on-going funded work involving a larger survey.
113.
Investigating the Partial Relationships Between Testability and the Dynamic Range-to-Domain Ratio - Zuhoor Al-Khanjari; Martin Woodward
The word ‘testability’ has been used variously in the software community to represent a number of different concepts such as how easy it is to test a program or how easy it is to achieve execution coverage of certain program components. Voas and colleagues have used the word to capture a slightly different notion, namely the ease with which faults, if present in a program, can be revealed by the testing process. The significance of this concept is twofold. First, if it is possible to measure or estimate testability, it can guide the tester in deciding where to focus the...
114.
Product Cost Management Structures: a review and neural network modelling - P. Jha; G. Montague; J. Glassey; P. Mohan
This paper reviews the growth of approaches in product costing and draws synergies with information management and resource planning systems, to investigate potential application of state of the art modelling techniques of neural networks. Increasing demands on costing systems to serve multiple decision-making objectives, have made it essential to use better techniques for analysis of available data. This need is highlighted in the paper. The approach of neural networks, which have several analogous facets to complement and aid the information demands of modern product costing, Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) structures and the dominant-computing environment (for information management in the object...
116.
Information Systems Development as a Research Method - Helen Hasan
This paper takes the stance that some cases of information systems development can be considered knowledge creating activities, and, in those cases, information systems development can be a legitimate research method. In these cases not only is knowledge created about the development process itself but also a deeper understanding emerges about the organisational problem that the system is designed to solve. The paper begins with a brief overview of research in the design sciences and a comparison of research methods that are concerned with the design, and use, of information systems. This is followed by an assessment of the way...
117.
Vernacularism in Software Design Practice: does craftsmanship have a place in software engineering? - Paul Taylor
Convention dictates that an information discipline matures from an informal shared practice to a defined and repeatable process through the externalisation and formal expression of its underlying theory. The inevitability of this progression should not be allowed to over-shadow the essential values, skills and knowledge transfer mechanisms of the superseded vernacular or craft-like practices. This paper examines the tension between software engineering’s professionalisation of the software design role—exemplified by the software architect—and its antithesis, the software craftsperson, a characterisation that continues to emerge despite attempts to suppress reliance on individual skills and abilities through software engineering process. In other design...
118.
Evaluating Distributed Usability: the role of user interfaces in an activity system - Lejla Vrazalic
Traditional definitions of usability localise this fundamental Human Computer Interaction (HCI) concept in the user interface and reduce it to a variety of qualitative and quantitative attributes of the computer system. This simplistic view of usability has been used as the basis for developing design and evaluation methods in the discipline. This paper argues that, as a result, HCI methods are ineffective and suffer from various shortcomings. It is proposed that the notion of usability must be extended to include contextual factors, and viewed as being distributed across an activity system. Adopting this notion of distributed usability then requires a...
119.
Continuous Integration and Quality Assurance: a case study of two open source projects - Jesper Holck; Niels Jørgensen
A decentralized variant of continuous integration can be defined in terms of two fundamental rules: (1) Developers’ access to add contributions to the development version at any time, and (2) developers’ obligation to integrate their own contributions properly. Decentralized, continuous integration may adapt well to organizations where developers work relatively independently, as in many open source projects. The approach raises the issue of how these organizations can exercise central control, as attaining the benefits of continuous integration requires that contributions are useful and satisfy the project’s definition of successful integration. We have investigated the use of continuous integration in FreeBSD...
120.
Modeling the Dynamics of an Information System - Jacek Unold
The article concentrates on the nature of a social subsystem of an information system. It analyzes the nature of information processes of collectivity within an IS and introduces a model of IS dynamics. The model is based on the assumption that a social subsystem of an information system works as a nonlinear dynamic system. The model of IS dynamics is verified on the indexes of the stock market. It arises from the basic assumption of the technical analysis of the markets, that is, the index chart reflects the play of demand and supply, which in turn represents the crowd sentiment...
101.
