The Bioline EPrints Archive
(3.015 recursos)
Bioline International EPrints Repository is part of the Bioline International system for increasing the visibility and providing open access to research publications from developing countries.
Mostrando recursos 1 - 20 de 123
1.
Stimulation of Growth and Development of Celosia argentea L. by Crude Extracts of Senna alata (L.) Roxb - AGBAGWA, I O; ONOFEGHARA, F A; MENSAH, S I
The effects of different concentrations of Senna alata crude water extracts on the germination, growth and flowering of Celosia argentea were studied. All concentrations of this extract induced a consistent decrease in absolute percentage and rate of germination, and inhibited radical elongation in Celosia argentea. Earliness in flowering and overall increase in height was obtained from seedlings sprayed with 75 %C and 100 % C crude water extracts. @JASEM
2.
Efficacy of Catalysts in the Batch Esterification of the Fatty Acids of Thevetia Peruviana Seed Oil - OLUWANIYI, O O; IBIYEMI, S A
The methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl esters of the fatty acids of Thevetia peruviana seed oil were successfully prepared by the batch-esterification procedures. Various acid catalyst and various molar ratios of fatty acid to alcohol were investigated. H3PO4 was found to be ineffective to catalyze the esterification of the free fatty acid. HCl gas and conc. H2SO4 both proved very effective in catalyzing the reaction. Concentrated H2SO4 however, proved better of the two acids. Three molar ratios 1:1, 1:3 and 1:10 were investigated, 1:3 molar ratio of the free fatty acid to the alcohol was found to be the most...
3.
Urinary and Anthropometrical Indices of Bone Density in Healthy Nigerian Adults - George, B O
Measurements on the x-ray of the 2nd metacarpal of the right hand and 2h fasting urine sample were used in a cross sectional study to assess urinary indices of bone density (bone mass, percentage cortical area, PCA) in 94 healthy Nigerian adults aged between 19-72 years. Body mass index (BMI) was also estimated. No significant gender - difference was observed in most of the parameters with exception of bone mass, which was larger in the males (57.11± 8.74 mm2 and 47.40±8.43 mm2 for males and females respectively, p < 0.05) and BMI, which was higher in the females (20.37± 2.61...
4.
Treatment of Liquid Oil Spill by Untreated and Treated Aswanly Clay from Egypt - Sayed, S A; El Sayed, A S; El Kareish, S M; Zayed, A M
The aim of this work is to use cheap, available and recyclable sorbents for oil spill clean - up. α -SiO2-Quartz, Na2Si2O5(OH)4, CaCO3, MgCO3, BaCO3, CaO, MgO, and Fe2O3 are used individually or mixed with Aswanly clay to identify the sorption activity of these materials and to show the effect of incorporation of these materials into the Aswanly clay. Results were 63, 75, 100, 93, 95,75, 92, 100, 80, 98, 90, 71, 90 and 97% on using 1.0 g α -SiO2-Quartz, 0.9 g Na2Si2O5 (OH) 4, 0.07 g CaCO3, 0.05 g MgCO3, 0.08 g BaCO3, 0.05g CaO, 0.1 g MgO,...
5.
Assessing the Economic and Environmental Prospects of Stand-By Solar Powered Systems in Nigeria - Offiong, A
This paper presents an economic analysis of two stand-by power supply options for a typical Nigerian household namely diesel generator plant and solar powered systems. The analysis reveals that solar systems are the most economically viable. The environmental benefits associated with substituting diesel powered stand-by plants with solar powered photovoltaic systems were also estimated. The amount of diesel saved was estimated and the reduction in air pollution calculated. With this two analysis it is hope that individual households in Nigeria, will be encouraged to go for solar stand-by systems while Government will be encouraged to pursue further an energy-environmental friendly...
6.
Physico-Chemical Quality of Elechi Creek in Port Harcourt, Nigeria - OBIRE, O; TAMUNO, D C; WEMEDO, S A
A total of six hundred and sixteen (616) water samples were collected at seven stations from three zones (A, B, and C) of Elechi creek during an eleven-month's investigation. The samples were analysed for physico-chemical parameters including heavy metals. Higher concentrations of phosphate and BOD in zone B ranging from 2.3 to 9.0 ppm and 3.92 to 8.80 mgL-1 respectively were observed and this reflects the eutrophic condition of the creek water in that zone . Concentrations of ammonia, total dissolved solids and salinity were higher in the dry season while those of sulphate, phosphate and electrical conductance were higher...
7.
Extractability of Potassium from Some Organic Manures in Aqueous Medium and the Effect of pH, Time and Concentration - AKO, P A E; ADEBANJO, A S; FADIPE, A L; NDAMITSO, M M
The effect of pH, time and concentration on the extractability of potassium from five types of organic manures (cow dung, local chickens, duck and commercial chickens, faeces on bedded and unbedded floor) were studied. Experiments were conducted in water at 40oC. Cumulative extraction curves of potassium resulting from a 2-hour equilibration period indicated an initial fast process, the rate of which slowed down at later extraction numbers. Corresponding curves of extraction of the element as affected by selected factors showed that pH, concentration of the nutrient and equilibration time were important in influencing the readiness with which manures release potassiuim...
8.
Comparative Evaluation of the Effectiveness of some local Fabrics for Zooplankton Harvest - OVIE, S I; AZIONU, B C; OVIE, S O; ADEPOJU, F
A comparative evaluation of the effectiveness for zooplankton harvest for three local fabrics (a white poplin, 120mm; grey baft, 200mm; a nylon, 235mm) and an imported standard zooplankton net of mesh size 76mm were tested in this study. Mesh sizes and gauze constitution of the fabrics were determined with an ocular micrometer under a compound microscope. Filtration efficiency and clogging rates of the fabrics were also measured. All fabrics were effective in harvesting species of the copepods, the cladocerans and the large-sized rotifer, Asplanchna. The grey baft and the nylon net were not effective in harvesting the small-sized rotifer species...
9.
The Environmental Impact of Oilfield Formation Water on a Freshwater Stream in Nigeria - OBIRE, O; AMUSAN, F O
A comparative analysis of the physico-chemical parameters of treated oilfield formation water and that of a freshwater stream with no previous history of pollution from oil exploration activities was determined. The environmental impact resulting from the discharge of treated oilfield formation water into freshwater samples collected from this stream with no previous history of pollution from oil exploration activities was assessed in terms of changes in water quality parameters such as Dissolved oxygen (DO), Biochemical oxygen Demand (BOD) and in the microbial populations of the freshwater samples over a period of seven days since oilfield formation water readily mixes with...
10.
Beyond Rome +5 and Johannesburg; Pathway towards achieving Water Security for All and for Ever - Swaminathan, Prof M S
The UN Summit on Sustainable Development held at Johannesburg, South Africa, from 26 August to 4 September 2002, was originally to be held from 2 to 11 September, but the dates were brought forward. The reason was that the dreadful date, 11 September, marked the entry of humankind into an era where the fear of one another has reached unprecedented heights. The Johannesburg Summit was convened ten years after the Earth Summit held at Rio de Janeiro in 1992 and thirty years after the UN Conference on the Human Environment held at Stockholm in 1972, to take stock of the...
11.
Effect of a Short Time Post Carbon Tetrachloride Treatment Interval on Rat Plasma Enzyme Levels and Percentage Mortality - OBI, F.O; OMOGBAI, L.A.; ORIAFO, O.S.J.; OVAT, O.D.
The effect of a short time (3 hours) post carbon tetrachloride treatment interval on rat plasma enzyme levels and percentage mortality have been examined. Relative to their corresponding activities in the plasma of carbon tetrachloride-free rats the activities of plasma L-aspartate aminotransferase, L-alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase of carbon tetrachloride treated rats were statistically significantly (P<0.05) increased when the rats were sacrificed 3 hours post exposure. During this period no mortality occurred. These results indicate that plasma enzyme levels can still be used as indices of carbon tetrachloride-induced tissue damage within a short exposure time rather than a longer post-exposure...
12.
Development of a Simple System for the Determination of Arsenic after Hydride Generation Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry - MUMUNI, A.R.; PEACOCK, C. J
A simple and inexpensive hydride generation system that uses a pyrex boiling tube as a reduction vessel to hold the acidified sample into which 2cm3 of 100-300mg sodium tetrahydroborate (III) solution is injected such that the excess molecular hydrogen evolved carries the generated arsine directly through the atomic absorption spectrophotometer nebuliser to a nitrogen-hydrogen entrained air flame for atomic absorption measurement is described. The average absorption by arsenic atoms generated from the total arsine evolved was measured by integrating the absorbance for 16 seconds. The use of the absorption signal integration mode was found to free the technique from most...
13.
Comparative Study of Different Gill Net Mesh Sizes in the Exploitation of Bonga fish (Ethmalosa fimbriata) and Sardines (Sardinella eba) in Brass Coastal Waters, Bayelsa State, Nigeria - CHINDAH, A .C.; TAWARI, C. C. B.
A comparative study of different gill net sizes in the exploitation of bonga (Ethmalosa fimbriata) and sardines (Sardinella eba) were conducted for 3 months between January and March 1998 in Brass River. The area is located between Latitude 4o 2" and 4 o 6 " and longitude 6 o 2 " and 6o 5" stretching from Akassa at the River mouth to Doukungbene near the upper edge of Clarendou. Three Mesh size of gill nets (35mm, 60mm and 70mm) were used for Bonga and Sardine fishing. The result obtained indicated that larger size classes of fish were obtained with the...
14.
FORMATION WATER RESISTIVITY (RW) DETERMINATION: THE SP METHOD - USHIE, FA
Formation water resistivity represents the resistivity value of the water (uncontaminated by drilling mud) that saturates the porous formation. It is also referred to as connate water or interstitial water. Its resistivity can be determined by a number of methods, one of which is by the SP curve discussed in this work. Analysis of wire-line log data depends on the assumption that the only conductive medium in a formation is the pure water which supplies the energy and drive in reservoirs. So, physical properties of this formation water can be determined, one of which is its electrical resistivity and this...
15.
Antifungal Activities of Some Leaf Extracts on Seed-borne Fungi of African Yam Bean Seeds, Seed Germination and Seedling Emergence - Nwachukwu, E. O; Umechuruba, C.I.
The efficacy of leaf extracts of basil (Ocimum basilicum), bitter leaf (Vernonia amygdalina), lemon grass (Cymbopogen citratus), neem (Azadirachta indica) and paw-paw (Carica papaya) on major seed-borne fungi: Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Botryodiplodia theobromae and Fusarium moniliforme of African yam bean ( Sphenostylis stenocarpa ) seeds, and on seed germination and seedling emergence were studied in vitro and in vivo. All the plants leaf extracts (crude and aqueous) significantly (P £ 0.05) reduced the incidence of seed-borne fungi tested and increased seed germination and seedling emergence except lemon grass leaf extract when compared with the untreated control. Neem extract was...
16.
Meiofauna Occurrence and Distribution in Different Substrate Types of Bonny Brackish Wetland of the Niger Delta - Chindah, AC; Braide, S A
The meiobenthic community of different sediment types was studied for 12 months between January and December 1997 in the Bnny estuarine environment. Five replicates core samples were collected from three sediment types (Muddy, Sandy and Chikoko sediments). Meiofaunal densities in order of magnitude are muddy (356 to 899 cm3), sandy (278 to 866 cm3) and chikoko (133 to 252 cm3). Most of the taxa groups had higher densities in dry season than in wet season with significant seasonal variations observed for Sandy sediment and Muddy sediment while Chikoko sediment densities did not show significant seasonal variation (t â?? test <...
17.
BioDegradation of Refined Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Soil - OBIRE, O.; NWAUBETA, O
Carbon-dioxide production and hydrocarbon degradation of refined petroleum hydrocarbon in soils treated with 5% gasoline, kerosene and diesel oil were investigated. Soil for study was bulked from around a car park in Port Harcourt. Soil samples were collected at weekly intervals for four weeks and subsequently at monthly intervals for four months, between the months of March and July 1998. The volume of carbon-dioxide produced in 40g soil ranged from 17.6 mg to 105.6mg for the control soil and from 30.8mg to 154mg for the hydrocarbon-contaminated soils. Statistical analysis using paired t- test between control and hydrocarbon â?? contaminated soils...
18.
The Effect Of Urban Runoff Water And Human Activities On Some Physico-Chemical Parameters Of The Epie Creek In The Niger Delta - Izonfuo, W.A.L; Bariweni, A. P
The Epie creek was investigated for six months from five sampling stations to determine the effects of urban runoff and human activities on some physico-chemical parameters. Variations in the physico-chemical parameters were observed from station to station both in the dry and rainy seasons. These variations were attributed to runoff water and human activities in the Epie Creek. Although the levels of most of these physico-chemical parameters were found to be within the safe limits for drinking water, the mean DO levels were generally found to be lower than septic levels and thus unsafe for fish and other aquatic organisms....
19.
Effect of Drilling Fluid Additives on the Niger Delta Environment: -A Case Study of the Soku Oil Fields - KINIGOMA, BS
The effect of drilling fluid additives on the Soku oil fields environment has been examined. Soil and reserve pits in various locations were assessed for some physico-chemical characteristics and heavy metal content using standard methods for water and wastewater analysis. Plant growth and other biomass were also assessed. The result showed that the levels of most physiochemical characteristics are generally within the limits of guidelines by regulatory authorities. However, trace metal levels are generally below toxic levels, except Fe, Ca and Mg, which were higher than recommended values. These high values of Fe, Ca and Mg (17.70-220.2; 11.03-296.80; and 12.62-75.71...
20.
Sublethal Effects of Ammoniacal Fertilizer Effluents on three Commercial Fish Species from Niger Delta Area, Nigeria - EKWEOZOR, I.K.E; BOBMANUEL, N.O.K; GABRIEL, U.U
Sublethal effects of various concentrations of fertilizer effluents on the tail beat frequency per minute (TBF min.-1) and opercular beat frequency per minute. (OBF min-1) of Orechromis niloticus, Clarias gariepinus and hybrid (Heterobranchus bidorsalis (female) x C. gariepinus (male)) were examined in a static 96hr. bioassay under laboratory conditions. Effluent concentration, ammmonia (ionised and un-ionised), urea and pH significantly affected TBF and OBF of the three species. Ammonia particularly, the un-ionised form exacted the most significant effect on TBF and OBF. OBF appears be a more sensitive indicator of stress than TBF and may therefore be more suitable for detecting...
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