The KnowledgeBank at OSU
(40.704 recursos)
Knowledge Bank contains collections of presentations, publications and reports related to Ohio State University.
Mostrando recursos 1 - 20 de 45
1.
Association of Health Literacy Level and Cervical Cancer Screening among Amish Women - Fronk, Karen
Background: Health illiteracy is a national problem affecting as many as 35% of English-speaking patients (Sharp, Zurawski, Roland, OToole, & Hines, 2002) and costing the health care system as much as $73 billion dollars per year (Feifer, 2003). Some new research shows an association between low health literacy and poor health promoting behaviors (Baker, Parker, Williams, Clark, & Nurss, 1997; Lindau et al., 2002; Wilson & McLemore, 1997). However, little is known about the health literacy status in relation to cervical screening rates of women in specific populations, particularly the Amish. The Amish are a religious group of medically-underserved and...
4.
Perceptions of Safer Sexual Behaviors Among Women Who Have Sex with Women - Haldiman, Kathryn
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the perceptions of safer sex among WSW.
Subjects: The sample consisted of 18 subjects with a mean age of 36.7 years (SD= 13.50, range= 20- 61 years). The sample was 94.4% Caucasian. Those employed full-time comprised 77.8% of the sample and the majority had attended graduate school. Half of the sample described their current partner status as married or partnered. Women who described their sexual orientation as lesbian or gay comprised 88.3% of the sample, while 16.7% described themselves as bisexual. All of the subjects reported having had sex with a...
5.
Risk Factors, Knowledge, and Beliefs about Cervical Cancer Screening and Screening Practices among Appalachian Women - Meszaros, Emese
Background: A priority of the National Cancer Institute and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention includes research to promote cervical cancer screening in diverse populations based on socioeconomic status, race and ethnicity. Poor white population in rural Appalachia have greater cancer burden and resemble other minority populations such as African Americans and Hispanics (Friedell, Linville, & Hullet, 1998). Cervical cancer screening has greatly decreased mortality in the United States overall, but screening rates remain lower and mortality rates are higher within the population of Appalachian women (Freidel et al., 1992 & Hall, Uhler, Coughlin, & Miller, 2002).
Objectives: The purposes of...
6.
Discriminating dyspnea related to lower extremity and whole body activity in COPD using the University of California San Diego Shortness of Breath Questionnaire - Luehrs, Craig A.
Purpose: To evaluate the ability of proposed University of California San Diego Shortness of Breath Questionnaire (SOBQ) subscores to discriminate changes in dyspnea related to Lower Extremity (LE) and Whole Body (WB) activity when compared to 6-Minute Walk (6MW) distance in persons with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Subjects: Twenty-four patients (4 men and 20 women) with moderate-to-severe COPD (FEV1 41.3 ?13% predicted [mean ?SD]) aged 68.1 ?8 years.
Research Method: The SOBQ, providing only a total score, contains 24 items measuring perceptions of dyspnea for a variety of activities of daily living (ADLs). Three experts in pulmonary medicine and nursing...
7.
Nutritional Analysis of Extremely Preterm Infants with Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia - Schweitz, Cayla
Background: With the increasing numbers of preterm births and the increased survival rates of those infants born extremely preterm (before 29 weeks gestation) come many potential chronic complications, including Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD). BPD is a chronic lung disorder resulting in reliance on prolonged use of supplemental oxygen. Because extremely preterm infants are born before lung development is comlpete, lung development must continue in the extra-unterine environment. The use of mechanical ventilation and oxygen causes damage to the inmature lungs and disrupts the developmental process. Researchers have demonstrated that BPD has a significant impact on the growth pattern of affected premature...
8.
Utilizing Peer Drama as Primary Prevention of Dating Violence Against Adolescent Females - Stoffregen, Amy
Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of a dating violence prevention program for high school students.
Theoretical Framework: An integrated, ecological framework is used in this study to understand dating violence in teenage girls lives. Through this framework, dating violence is understood to occur as a result of complex interactions between situational, personal, and sociocultural factors.
Subjects: Approximately 400 male and female students in grades 9-12 from an economically and racially diverse high school in northeastern Ohio attended the program.
Methods: Anonymous pre and post-test questionnaires were completed by the students one week before and 2 weeks after the presentation. Multiple strategies...
9.
Army women's reasons for not using condoms in relationships - Evans, Megan
Purpose: The purpose of this secondary analysis was two-fold: 1) to examine condom use practices among military women; and 2) to compare their reasons for condom use and disuse based on relationship status. Background: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are at pandemic proportions globally. Women are disproportionately affected both in incidence of STIs and in developing complications from these infections. Military women are a special sub-population of women in relation to STIs. The incidence of STIs is four times higher in military populations than civilian populations. Little is known about military womens use of condoms, which could protect them from contracting...
10.
Children's Preferences for Color Schematics of Hospital Rooms - Meyer, Sarah
Childrens Preferences for Color Schematics of Hospital Rooms
Purpose: To examine childrens preferences of color specifically regarding the organization of such in hospital rooms. Three main schematics, the way color is organized, will be evaluated: solid color, color within a design, and color within an environmental mural.
Reducing stress surrounding the hospital experience is believed to hasten recovery and decrease potentially harmful emotional and physical effects. Research regarding the effects of hospitalization on children has focused primarily on parents perceptions of their childrens hospitalization rather than the childrens own perception (Oglivie, 1990). Research has focused on childrens perceptions of stress in...
11.
Intentions and Actual Condom Use for Vaginal, Oral, and Anal Intercourse - Phillips, Stephanie
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are at pandemic proportions in young adults (Centers for Disease Control, 2001). Viral STIs are incurable and consequently lifelong infections, and the bacterial STIs are becoming increasingly resistant to antibiotics. Since a cure is not an option for many of these infections, the best way to induce change is through prevention. Important components of prevention include the use of condoms and education by practitioners concerning their use. When used properly, condoms are known to be highly effective in the prevention of HIV and other STIs (CDC, 2001). Due to the inherent value nurses place on education...
12.
Symptom severity and quality of life of women with uterine leiomyomas - Jones, Nicole
Uterine leiomyoma are benign smooth muscle tumors within the uterus (Lewis, 2004). Their etiology is unknown and they may cause a number of symptoms including urinary frequency, constipation, dyspareunia, and menorrhagia (Pron et al., (2003). Complications such as miscarriage, dysfunctional labor, Breech births, Caesarean sections and other problems of pregnancy, labor and birth are increased in women with leiomyoma as well (Coronado, Marshall, & Schwartz, 2000). Furthermore, the majority of all hysterectomies, which is the second most performed surgery in the United States, are received by women with uterine leiomyomas (Velebil, Wingo, Xia, Wilcox, & Peterson, 1995). Although uterine leiomyomas...
13.
Parental Knowledge and Behavior about Poison Prevention: A Study of Group versus Individual Education - Eckert, Melissa
BACKGROUND: Children under the age of 6 annually account for 1 million childhood poisonings in the United States. The purpose of this study is to determine differences in poison prevention knowledge and behaviors between caregivers receiving Be Poison Smart!® education via individual education and those caregivers receiving group education.
NURSING IMPLICATIONS: This study will help determine which education style (group or individual) will more positively impact caregivers and provide guidance to public health nurses concerning the delivery of poison prevention educational interventions.
METHODS: Using the Do You Know How to Be Poison Smart?® Evaluation Tool, 40 caregivers, recruited from Women, Infant...
14.
The Effect of Distraction During Exercise on Feeling States - Dill, Emily
PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of distraction (auditory or visual) versus no distraction during exercise on feeling states in healthy adult aerobic exercisers. Hypotheses: 1) Healthy adults who aerobically exercise using distraction (auditory or visual) will report improvement in their post-exercise feeling states as compared to their pre-exercise feeling states during the single aerobic exercise session, 2) Auditory distraction will impact feeling states more positively as compared to visual distraction or no distraction when used during aerobic exercise; and 3) Exercise self-efficacy has a moderating influence on feeling states during aerobic exercise. Feeling states were measured by the Exercise-Induced Feelings...
15.
Specific Stressors and the Specific Stress Symptoms They Elicit in School-Age Children - Brooks, Danielle N.
School-age children experience stress much the same as adults do; both common, everyday stress and also atypical, larger-scale stress. Children may have difficulty knowing how to cope with their stress and how to describe what they are feeling or experiencing. Pediatric nurses have a good opportunity to discuss these stressful experiences and to guide and teach children how to cope. It is important that healthcare professionals be able to diagnose and treat stress, as it can lead to other problems in the child, such as the development of psychiatric disorders or initiate physical diseases (Lau, 2002).
Although there have been several...
16.
Preference for Information and Coping Styles in Treatment-Seeking Delay for Symptoms of Acute Myocardial Infarction - Welch, Erin
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is experienced by nearly 1.5 million Americans each year (National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), 2004). This serious cardiac event commonly referred to as a heart attack has a long list of common risk factors and is prominent in both men and women. Its symptoms should be acted on immediately. Research has shown that rapid treatment of AMI greatly reduces morbidity and mortality, and therefore, enhances overall patient outcome. The use of reperfusion techniques such as thrombolytic therapy and emergency percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) can be used, with the best advantage, shortly after onset...
17.
Nursing Students Knowledge and Attitudes towards HIV/AIDS Patients - Barbe, Jennifer
This study investigated nursing student attitudes and knowledge about HIV/AIDS at different levels of study in nursing and the association between attitudes and knowledge. Participant attitudes were measured using the HIV Impact Questionnaire: Student Form. Knowledge was measured with questions adapted from Ferguson, Cox, Irving, Leiter, & Farnsworths (1995) measure. A convenience sample of 146 baccalaureate students from a large Midwestern college of Nursing completed a self-administered questionnaire. Both knowledge (F=7.31, p=.001) and attitudes (F=5.80, p=.004) about HIV/AIDS significantly improved with year of study in nursing. There was a positive correlation between attitudes and knowledge (r=.31, p<.01). This supports previous...
18.
Toward New Criteria for the Laboratory, Clinical, and Presumptive Diagnosis of UTI - Lamond, Emily
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the most common bacterial infection, accounting for 25% of all infections. UTIs occur in all populations and ages, however, infection is most common in women, especially sexually active women. One half of all women will experience a UTI in their lifetime, and one in three women will receive antimicrobial therapy for a UTI. In addition, the financial impact is enormous with costs exceeding $1.6 billion for community acquired UTI (Foxman, 2003).
In current practice, the gold standard for diagnosis is urine culture, although a standard cutoff value does not exist. The primary purpose of this study...
19.
Attitudes and Beliefs of African American Women on Contraception as Pregnancy Prevention - Conover, Kristen
Attitudes and Beliefs of African American Women on Contraception as Pregnancy Prevention / Kristen Conover. Purpose: To understand the knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs of young African American women, ages 19-24 regarding contraception as pregnancy prevention. Background: Many studies have reported decreased disparities in adverse birth outcomes for minority women. However, African American women in Ohio are showing little or no improvement (Ohio Department of Health, 2006). Compared to women over 20 years old, teenagers age 13-19 are at increased risk for adverse birth outcomes such as pregnancy-related anemia, gestational hypertension, pre-eclampsia and premature delivery (Goonewardene & Waduge, 2005). A recent...
20.
Stress Adaptation in School-Aged Children Hospitalized with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus - Kristin, Blair
Problem: Type I Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic illness that can negatively impact nearly every aspect of a childs life. Approximately 1 in 400 children in the United States have Type I DM.
Theory: The stress of chronic illness is manifested by physical, sensory, emotional, and cognitive symptoms, according to stress-related theory and research. This study focuses on the extent to which these children demonstrate stress-related symptoms, or resilience to this pervasive life stressor.
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