The KnowledgeBank at OSU
(40.703 recursos)
Knowledge Bank contains collections of presentations, publications and reports related to Ohio State University.
Mostrando recursos 1 - 20 de 489
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Modulation of FLT3 Inhibitor-induced Cytotoxicity in Acute Myeloid Leukemia by FLT3 Ligand - Bryan, Jacob
This project was developed in coordination with the larger study FL Attenuates FLT3 inhibitor effects in AML being conducted by the following researchers affiliated with the Ohio State University Medical Center: Rebecca B. Klisovic, Susan P. Whitman, Jacob J. Bryan, Himani Pandya, Martin Guimond, Brad Blaser, Kati Maharry, Roger Briesewitz, Clara D. Bloomfield, and Michael A. Caligiuri.
2.
MODIFYING SMOKING BEHAVIOR THROUGH PUBLIC SERVICE ANNOUNCEMENTS AND CIGARETTE PACKAGE WARNING LABELS: A COMPARISON OF CANADA AND THE UNITED STATES. - Goodall, Catherine E.
This project investigates the use of cigarette package warning labels and public service announcements in Canada and the United States to prevent and reduce cigarette use. The purpose of doing so is to evaluate which countrys approach is more successful and to discover how to improve upon the current strategies. When cigarette warning labels and public service announcements share common themes and images, they have the potential to be more powerful in reducing and preventing cigarette use. Canada has successfully used an integrated approach in these areas of health communication. Further, in 2000, Canada took major steps in tobacco control...
3.
The role of the 3'-5' exonuclease activity of herpes simplex virus type 1 in translesion DNA synthesis - Stroud, Jason
Accurate copying of DNA is vital for maintaining genome integrity and organismal viability. The associated 3 to 5 exonuclease (exo) activity of herpes simplex virus (HSV) DNA polymerase (pol) has been shown to play multiple roles in DNA replication error avoidance. The pol-associated exo activity has been shown previously to prevent nascent strand extension in the presence of damaged primer terminus by causing futile cycles of incorporation and excision of nucleotides at the damage site. To further characterize the interaction between the exo and pol domains of the HSV pol catalytic subunit, the ability of exo-deficient (exo-) and wild-type (wt)...
4.
Synthesis and Photochemistry of New Carbene Precursors - Cassara, Christopher M.
Carbenes are neutral divalent reactive intermediates containing a carbon atom surrounded by only six valence electrons. Because of this electron deficiency, carbenes are very short-lived intermediates and react with a variety of functional groups. One of the most commonly used applications of carbenes is in cyclopropane synthesis.
This research has focused on the synthesis of new, novel carbene precursors and the study of their photochemistry. The purpose of this research is twofold: 1) to trap the carbene with pyridine and characterize the UV spectra of the carbene ylide intermediate and 2) to determine the lifetimes and reaction rates of carbenes...
5.
The Historical Significance and Function of Letters in Shaping American Identity, 1790-1865 - Graf, Ellen
Letter writing is a necessity for communication in early America; thus, the history and culture of America is documented in letters. This project studies texts from 1790 to 1865 in order to examine the conventions, characteristics, and intimacy of letters that resulted from Americas reliance on correspondence in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. Although letters are not typically considered part of literary history, they significantly influence the early American novel and therefore need to be studied.
Chapter one looks at how the letter-writing manual defines letter writing as democratic. The genre of the letter-writing manual aims to educate American...
6.
Decision Making Styles Associated with Adolescent Risk Taking Behavior - Barber, Lindsay L.
Adolescent risk taking behavior research rarely takes a decision making perspective. Seventy-one adolescents (ages 17-20) completed a two-part study using the Risk Involvement and Perception Scale and the Decision Making Styles Inventory. Pearsons correlation coefficients reveal intuitive decision making styles have a positive correlation with risk involvement, while analytical decision making styles negatively correlate with risk involvement. In the studys second part, three risk taking scenarios were presented, each having both a risky and nonrisky intended behavior option. ANOVAs show participants induced to be analytical decision makers do not rate the risky behavior option as more risky than participants who...
7.
Solvent effects on photodegradation of the 18-mer of thymidylic acid - Olmon, Eric
The photodimerization of neighboring thymine residues in nucleic acids caused by irradiation
of ultraviolet light can lead to harmful mutagenic products. The 18-mer of single-stranded thymidylic acid [(dT)18] dissolved in various denaturing solvents was used as a model system to determine the rate of this photoreaction. The maximum
percents volume of co-solvent in water/co-solvent mixtures of ethanol, trifluoroethanol (TFE), and dioxane in which the molecule was soluble were determined to be 75%, 100%, and 75%, respectively. Solutions of (dT)18 in these solvent mixtures were irradiated with femtosecond pulses of 271 nm light, and UV-Vis absorption and CD spectroscopies were used to monitor...
8.
The Social Capital Effect on Economic Growth - Mustre del Río, José
This study proposes a new measure of social capital, voter turnout, and attempts to confirm the results of previous studies (e.g. Knack and Keefer [1997] or La Porta et al. [1997]). Compared to previous measures of social capital used in the literature, our measure is available over several decades and thus should capture efficiently long-term trends in social capital. Furthermore, our measure should be immune to cultural biases in reporting and responding as compared to measures of trust and civic engagement. Finally, voter turnout measures a behavior rather than a belief. Our empirical results suggest that there is no direct...
10.
An Application of the Contact Hypothesis in a Middle School Setting - Theiss, Ann
The contact hypothesis, proposed by Gordon Allport (1954), maintains that prejudice and discrimination between conflicting groups can be reduced if the groups are brought together in a situation of positive interdependence with a common goal. The current research consists of four studies based on the contact hypothesis in which groups in conflict worked together to write and produce a play on stereotypes and prejudice. The first study determined fault lines that divide students at Grant Middle School in Marion, Ohio. A total of 475 sixth through eighth grade students identified 12 groups (e.g., preps, jocks, etc.). The reliability of the...
11.
Gentrification in the Short North: From Run Down to Downtown - Hansan, John
In Columbus, Ohio, there is a section of the city on the near north side called, appropriately enough, the Short North. This term is a relatively recent addition to the nomenclature of the city. It refers to a section of High Street, the citys main drag, stretching north from I-670 to about 5th Ave. This area is now known as the arts district of the city. The surrounding residential neighborhoods, Victorian Village and Italian Village are communities inhabited by a mixture of classes and peoples. It was on one of the streets in Italian Village, Warren Street, that I grew...
12.
Determination of Dimeric Disulfide Linkage in a Recombinant Human Prolactin Antagonist - Troyer, Mark
?hPRL is a potent human prolactin (hPRL) antagonist, engineered by the deletion of 12 key residues (residues 41 through 52) from wild-type hPRL. The resulting monomeric protein displays potent antagonist activity with little remaining agonist activity, however an undesirable result of this deletion is difficulty in folding, as evidenced by significant formation of dimeric species. The dimeric species is biologically inert. ?hPRL is derived from wild-type hPRL a 199-residue single peptide protein containing three native disulfide bonds (C4--C11, C58--C174, C191--C199). Using mass spectrometric and additional biochemical techniques, we intend to determine the nature of the linkage found in dimeric ?hPRL...
13.
Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Interpersonal Sexual Objectification Scale - Denchik, Angela
Research exploring objectification theory (B.L. Fredrickson & T.A. Roberts, 1997) is abundant, yet there is not an instrument available that assesses womens perceived frequency to which they encounter interpersonal sexual objectification. Therefore, such a measure, the Interpersonal Sexual Objectification Scale (ISOS), was developed and evaluated via three independent samples of college women. Study 1 (N = 327) supported the construct validity of the ISOS, as it was strongly related to another form of sexism (i.e., sexist discrimination), and was slightly-to-moderately related to constructs represented in objectification theory (i.e., self-objectification and its common forms [body surveillance, internalization of the thin-ideal, body...
14.
Memories of East German childhood: Popular representations of the contested past - Doughty, Claire
My thesis examines representations of East German childhood in contemporary German literature and film. In my discussion of individual texts and films, I show that through descriptions of personal childhood these works call attention to the rapid disappearance of East German culture following German unification and challenge popular modes of discussing the East German past. As well as drawing in controversial notions of nostalgia as it relates to discredited political systems, I reveal how the representation of childhood experiences contributes to contemporary discourse on history, cultural identity, and the preservation of memory. My project will focus on the relevance of...
15.
Old Habits Die Hard: The Influence of Factions in Japans Liberal Democratic Party, 1993-2000 - Felter, Anne M.
Factions have dominated Japans Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) since its inception in 1995. During these postwar years, factions have been portrayed as institutionalized structures used for the distribution of party positions, cabinet appointments, and campaign funds. However, little is known about the influence of factions after the LDPs 1993 split and Japans 1994 electoral reforms. Both scholars and the public believed these two colossal events would eliminate the LDPs need for factions. Nevertheless, factions continue to flourish in the LDP and significantly impact Japanese politics. This paper will provide an update on the recent activities of the LDPs factions and...
16.
The Role of Calcium in the Regulation of Vascular Smooth Muscle Alpha Actin Gene Expression - Fuerst, Matthew D.
The heart is a dynamic organ that is made up of multiple cell types including muscle and non-muscle. In general the heart is capable of changing due to many factors including development, physiological response, and pathological conditions. Fibrotic (scarring) and hypertrophic (increase in cell size) diseases of the heart are often associated with messengers (such as calcium (Ca2+)) and pathways that activate proteins normally expressed only in the developing heart. One of these proteins, vascular smooth muscle alpha actin (SMA), is the predominant actin in smooth muscle, but is not normally expressed in the adult heart. However, SMA is activated...
17.
Talent versus Effort: Effects of gender differences in music education - Carey, Jasmine
Teacher expectations have been studied in many different settings. One place where they have not been investigated is music education. 167 psychology students participated in a study designed to put them in the position of a teacher or advisor. They were asked whether they would encourage a male or female student to pursue a career in music. They then rated the importance of talent and effort to that students success or failure. It was expected that attributions of talent and effort would be different for male and female students. It was found that there are some pattern differences in these...
18.
Sex differences in gender role attitudes - Lewis, Jamie M.
Past sociological research has found that women have made the transition from traditional gender roles to more non-traditional and egalitarian patterns more quickly than have men. This study argued that such discrepant behavior results from the incongruent gender role attitudes of men and women. In particular, it was hypothesized that women would respond to measures of gender role attitudes in a way that is more congruent with egalitarian gender ideology, while men would reply in a way that corresponds to traditional views of gender. This prediction was tested using data from the 2002 Monitoring the Future (MTF) 12th-Grade Survey, thereby...
20.
The Effects of Preexisting Preferences on Televised Viewing of the 2000 Presidential Debates - Trouw, Cornelis
By examining survey data from viewers before and after each of the 2000 presidential debates, the overall effect of the events was examined. In particular, attention was paid to how preexisting preferences, such as party identification and ideology, were related to whether respondents watched the debates, as well as who respondents predicted would win each debate beforehand and judged to have won each debate afterward. Additionally, the relationship between how strongly respondents supported their preferred candidates and their predictions of that candidate winning the debates, as well judgments of that candidate having won the debate, were examined. Finally, connections between...
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