UPCommons - E-prints UPC Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
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E-prints UPC cobreix dues finalitats: per una banda, és el dipòsit institucional de la UPC que recull els articles de revista, les comunicacions de congrés i els reports de recerca generats en les activitats de recerca del personal docent i investigador de la universitat; per l'altra, és una eina que permet accelerar la producció científica, allotjant versions de documents prèvies a la publicació en una revista o a les actes d’un congrés.
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Investigation of nanoscale interactions by means of subharmonic excitation - Santos, Sergio; Phillips, M.A.; Verdaguer, Albert; Font Teixidó, Josep; Chiesa, Matteo; Gadelrab,, K.; Stefancich, M.; Armstrong, P.; Li, G.; Souier, T.; Thomson, Neil H.; Barcons Xixons, Víctor
Multifrequency atomic force microscopy holds promise as a method to provide qualitative and quantitative information about samples with high spatial resolution. Here, we provide experimental evidence of the excitation of subharmonics in ambient conditions in the regions where capillary interactions are predicted to be the mechanism of excitation. We also
experimentally decouple a second mechanism for subharmonic excitation that is highly
independent of environmental conditions such as relative humidity. This implies that material properties could be mapped. Subharmonic excitation could lead to experimental determination of surface water affinity in the nanoscale whenever water interactions are the mechanism of excitation.
3.
Quantification of dissipation and deformation in ambient atomic force microscopy - Santos, Sergio; Gadelrab,, K.; Barcons Xixons, Víctor; Stefancich, M.; Chiesa, Matteo
A formalism to extract and quantify unknown quantities such as
sample deformation, the viscosity of the sample and surface energy hysteresis
in amplitude modulation atomic force microscopy is presented. Recovering
the unknowns only requires the cantilever to be accurately calibrated and the
dissipative processes occurring during sample deformation to be well modeled.
The theory is validated by comparison with numerical simulations and shown
to be able to provide, in principle, values of sample deformation with picometer
resolution.
4.
Spatial horizons in amplitude and frequency modulation atomic force microscopy - Font Teixidó, Josep; Santos Hernandez, Sergi; Barcons Xixons, Víctor; Thomson, Neil H.; Verdaguer, Albert; Chiesa, Matteo
In dynamic atomic force microscopy (AFM) the cantilever is vibrated and its dynamics
are monitored to probe the sample with nanoscale and atomic resolution. Amplitude and
frequency modulation (AM and FM) atomic force microscopy have established
themselves as the most powerful, robust and reliable techniques in the field.
Nevertheless, it is still debatable whether one or the other technique is preferred in a
given medium or experiment. Here, we quantitatively establish the limitations in
resolution of one and the other technique by introducing the concept of space horizon
SH and quantifying it. The SH is the limiting space boundary beyond which collective
atomic interactions do not affect the...
5.
A high-resolution UWB IR superregenerative receiver front end with an SRD quench shaper - Moncunill Geniz, Francesc Xavier; Bonet Dalmau, Jordi; Palà Schönwälder, Pere; Águila López, Francisco del; Giralt Mas, Ma. Rosa
We present a simple receiver front end that makes use of the baseband superregeneration principle to detect ultrawideband (UWB) impulse radio signals. The UWB antenna is directly connected to the core circuit consisting of a resistor-capacitor (RC) network coupled to a negative resistance that varies under the control of an external quench generator. Due to a step-recovery-diode quench shaper, 50-ps time-domain sensitivity windows are generated that filter the received pulses and reject noise and interference. The circuit achieves high gain, exhibits automatic gain control, and directly demodulates binary phase modulations.
7.
How localized are energy dissipation processes in nanoscale interactions? - Santos, Sergio; Barcons Xixons, Víctor; Verdaguer, Albert; Font Teixidó, Josep; Thomson, Neil H.; Chiesa, Mateo
We describe fundamental energy dissipation in dynamic nanoscale processes in terms of the localization of the interactions. In this respect, the areal density of the energy dissipated and the effective area of interaction in which each process occurs are calculated for four elementary dissipative processes. It is the ratio between these two, which we term M that provides information about how localized the interactions are. We show that neither the phase lag, nor the magnitude of the energy dissipated alone provide information about energy localization but M has to be considered instead.
8.
Localization and Electrical Characterization of Interconnect Open Defects - Rodríguez Montañés, Rosa; Arumi Delgado, Daniel; Figueras Pàmies, Joan; Beverloo, Willem; Vries, Dirk K. de; Eichenberger, Stefan; Volf, Paul A. J.
A technique for extracting the electrical and topological
parameters of open defects in process monitor lines is
presented. The procedure is based on frequency-domain measurements
performed at both end points of the line. The location
as well as the resistive value of the open defect are derived from
attenuation and phase shift measurements. The characteristic
defect-free impedance of the line and its propagation constant
are considered to be unknowns, and their values are also derived
from the above measurements. In this way, the impact of process
parameter variations on the proposed model is diminished. The
experimental setup required to perform the characterization
measurements and a simple graphical procedure to determine the
defect...
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