The KnowledgeBank at OSU
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Knowledge Bank contains collections of presentations, publications and reports related to Ohio State University.
Mostrando recursos 1 - 20 de 61
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Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Sphingomyelin in Whey Protein - Kohut, Angela
Sphingolipids are a group of phospholipids found in eukaryotic cells and are especially prevalent in plasma membranes and related cell membranes. Sphinogmyelin (SM) is the predominant membrane sphingolipid and can be hydrolyzed to form ceramides and sphingosines which are involved in numerous cellular processes such as apoptosis, cell cycle progression, and cell differentiation. Recent research suggests that SMs may play an important role in the development and/or prevention of chronic disease. Dietary sources of SM include milk, eggs and soybeans, although their exact concentration in food has not been well characterized.
The present research examines the sphingolipid content of whey...
2.
Adapting USEPA protocol for the detection and enumeration of Giardia and Cryptosporidium in an agricultural setting - May, Cynthia L.
An ecological water treatment system that utilizes a series of plants and water tanks is being tested at the Ohio State University Waterman Dairy as an alternate method for agriculture waste management. Giardia and Cryptosporidium are two genuera of parasites that can be found in most surface water supplies due to runoff from agricultural facilities, sewage treatment plants, or wildlife areas such as forests. As a result, the level of these two parasites in the water supply is a concern in regards to public health. The purpose of this study, initially, was to evaluate viability of the United States Environmental...
3.
Supplemental Rumen-Protected Choline and Methionine for Lactating Dairy Cows - Engel, Joanna
The purpose of the experiment was to determine the effects of supplemental rumen-protected choline [Reashure® (REA)] and rumen protected methionine (Smartamine MTM) on the metabolism and performance of lactating dairy cows. Analyses were performed to measure both milk and plasma choline and nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) and glucose in plasma. Milk samples were analyzed for fat, protein and urea nitrogen (MUN). The 56 lactating dairy cows were fed one of 4 diets at parturition: 1) control (duodenal flow of lysine:methionine (lys:met) 3.8; NRC, 2001), 2) 0.26% rumen protected choline (RPC) (REA fed at 60 g/d to provide 15 g/d of...
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Attempts to Create Rickets in Mice Using a Calcium Deficient Diet - Hauser, Holly
Previous research with chickens produced rickets by reducing the calcium content of the diet. When rickets occurred, RNA was extracted from the growth plates for microarray analysis. The results showed a difference in expression of more than 80 RNAs between the normal and rachitic growth plates. Because many more antibodies to mouse cellular proteins have been developed than to chicken proteins, the present research was an attempt to produce rickets in mice using a low calcium diet. In the first experiment, mice that were just weaned were fed 0.2, 0.4, or 0.6 % calcium. The average starting weight was 11.8...
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Ohio County Extension Educator Evaluation of Ohioline.osu.edu - Niedermier, Curtis
More than ten years after the launch of Ohioline, what was formerly a premiere source for Extension education had come into desperate need of evaluation to determine its effectiveness as an educational component of the Cooperative Extension Service.
The use of the Internet and distance learning programs has become standard tools for Extension. No longer does a person have to contact their educator, travel to their office and sort through stacks of paper bulletins and fact sheets. Instead, they can be provided with a constant stream of information right form their personal computer.
However, with varying technological abilities, a website...
8.
Expression of CD163 on Bovine Alveolar Macrophages and Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells - Kopechek, Mary
The Agricultural Research Center of the United States Department of Agriculture identifies bovine respiratory disease (BRD) as the most common and costly disease of feedlot cattle in the United States (1). The alveolar macrophage serves as the first line of defense for the lung alveolus by recognition, phagocytosis, and destruction of the bacterial agents reaching the alveolus.
CD163 is a monocyte/macrophage-restricted, cysteine-rich, scavenger receptor that binds and internalizes circulating haptoglobin-hemoglobin (HpHb) complexes (5). Macrophages expressing high levels of CD163 appear to be present in the resolution phase of inflammation (7).
The purpose of this study was to further...
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A comparison of urinary hormone profiles with fecal extract hormone profiles of Equus ferrus przewalskii - Fickes, Abbi
Przewalskis horse (Equus ferrus Przewalski), is the last remaining cousin of the domestic horse. Due to hunting, habitat loss and severe weather, the wild population declined and was declared extinct in 1969. The current captive population was derived from only fourteen founders, which has resulted in reduced genetic diversity. A sound understanding of the Przewalskis horses reproductive parameters is necessary in order to utilize artificial reproductive technologies as part of a captive breeding program.
Reproductive hormone levels can be detected in urine, feces, saliva, and blood. In the Przewalskis horse, urine hormone analysis is deemed the only noninvasive, accurate representation of...
10.
The effects of androgens on lymphocyte infiltration into the porcine endometrium - Galioto, Rebecca
Litter size is an important aspect of the swine industry and sows are often genetically selected for large litter sizes because of the economic importance of such a trait. Finding alternate ways to influence the number of pigs born, in addition to genetic manipulation could be of economic value to producers. Androgens, including testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) are used to increase a sows ovulation rate to maximize litter size. However, these hormones can have a negative effect on the health of the sows uterus. When DHT was used in high dosages, the uterine contents were opaque and infected which suggests...
11.
Efficacy of Blood Hemoglobin Concentration as an Indicator of Pork Quality - Lepper, Ashley
The objective of the study was to assess the efficacy of pre-harvest blood hemoglobin level as a predictor of pork quality in market weight swine. Market weight swine (n = 110) were harvested over three dates, following a 12 h rest in a commercial packing. Each harvest group consisted of proportional numbers of purebred Berkshire, Landrace and the reciprocal crossbred pigs. Blood hemoglobin (HB, Hemocue Hb 201) content was obtained from a sample collected 24 h prior to harvest via the anterior vena cava. Carcass backfat (BF), loin muscle area (LMA) and loin quality traits, including Minolta L* and a*,...
12.
The Effect of Commercial Horse Feeds versus Home Mixed Feed Grains on Foal Growth - Roesser, Rachel
Most horse owners prefer to buy commercially prepared feeds because they are more convenient and the nutrient levels are usually balanced. Commercial prepared feeds usually are marketed at higher cost for these reasons. Home mixed feed grains take more time to prepare but usually cost less.
The objectives of this study were to evaluate any difference in foal growth. To determine if feeding home mixed grains, costing 30 50 % less, would meet the growing foals needs as well as the commercial prepared feeds and to determine which type of concentrate produces the most efficient growth for the least...
14.
Rock Climber Perspectives of Management Issues in the Red River Gorge - Reighart, Stephanie
Rock climbing has been a popular recreational activity in the Red River Gorge for many decades. With the increase in recreational users throughout the Gorge, the United States Forest Service implemented the Limits of Acceptable Change (LAC) process in the summer of 2004. This ongoing project will determine which recreational users are making an impact, where the impact is being made, and to what extent. The goal of this study was to gain the perspective of the rock climbing constituent in the Gorge and their opinions on current and future regulations that may occur due to the findings of the...
15.
Pasture recovery by broadcast seeding after pugging damage from heifers - Goodell, Nathan E.
The recovery of pastures damaged by pugging (wet weather treading) is critical in a grazing operation. This study examined the recovery and performance of a predominantly tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum) and white clover (Trifolium repens) pasture that had been damaged by pugging. The pasture was broadcast seeded using various forages with the intent of trying to speed the pasture recovery and establish a more desirable forage mix that will compete with the endophyte infected tall fescue and improve the pasture quality. The forages that were used are alfalfa (Medicago sativa), red clover (Trifolium pratense), birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus), perennial ryegrass...
16.
Analysis of elemental concentrations of biologically important elements in caprine milk and commercial caprine milk replacers using instrumental neutron activation analysis - Larue, Alyssa
Goats play an important role in meat and milk production around the world. Goats are especially important to underdeveloped countries due to their ability to live in harsh climates where other livestock animals cannot survive. Baby goats that are fed commercial milk replacer seem to be less robust than goats fed natural goat milk. The objective of this study was to determine if differences in mineral concentrations that could be affecting the animals health exist between these milk sources. Goat milk was collected from 44 does at the start of lactation and towards the end of lactation. 10 does were...
18.
Cultivating the Farm Bill: The Effect of Print Media Communication on Agricultural Legislation - Specht, Annie
Agricultural legislation poses a particular problem for politicians. It directly affects less than two percent of the nations population, but it indirectly impacts the entire country through economic channels. No ag-related legislation faces more scrutiny than Farm Bill 2008, and its journey from inception to ratification has been well-documented by nationally recognized print media outlets, such as the Washington Post, the New York Times, and USA Today. The objective of this study is to determine the possible consequences of such widespread print media attention on the formation of agricultural legislation, using the 2002 and 2008 Farm Bills as models. The...
20.
The Relationship Between Composition of Undisturbed Grassland Cover and the Presence of the Ring-necked Pheasant (Phasianus colchicus) in Northern Ohio - Geboy, Bethany
Pheasant research has largely looked at grassland habitat throughout the landscape as an indicator of suitability of ring-necked pheasant habitat. Empirical and anecdotal evidence shows that increased grasslands percentages has a positive affect on pheasant presence or abundance. This study examines the differences in grassland percentages in two study areas in Northern Ohio, Williams/Defiance and Erie/Ottawa/Sandusky, to suggest reasons for the lack of pheasant presence in the Erie, Ottawa, and Sandusky area. The results showed no significant difference between the mean grassland percentages in the two areas (?=0.05, d.f.=3, p=.1175), however in comparison to the literature and qualitatively there seems...
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