The KnowledgeBank at OSU
(40.704 recursos)
Knowledge Bank contains collections of presentations, publications and reports related to Ohio State University.
Mostrando recursos 1 - 13 de 13
1.
EFFECT OF STRUCTURAL MODIFICATIONS OF ANTHRACYCLINE AGAINST DRUG-SENSITIVE AND RESISTANT CANCER CELLS - AIMIUWU, JOSEPHINE EKI
Purpose: Many anthracycline anticancer drugs contain carbohydrate moieties as a part of their chemical structure. Research studies have suggested that the sugar moiety of these anthracyclines play an important role in determining the biological and pharmacological activities of the drug. The clinical application of anthracycline antibiotics, daunorubicin (DNR) and doxorubicin is limited by the development of multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer therapy. To overcome multidrug resistance, we synthesized daunorubicin derivatives with disaccharides, monosaccharide bearing azido (d9) and triazole groups (compounds d10-d13), monosaccharide with uncommon (DNR-1 to DNR 6, and aglycon compound (DNR-A). Methods: The anticancer activity of these compounds was...
2.
Computational Studies on Effects of Cocaine on Fast-paced Dopamine Neurons - Choksy, Achint Viral
This project has investigated the effects of inhibition of the dopamine transporter on extracellular dopamine when dopaminergic neurons are electrically paced at rates substantially higher than those occurring in the brain. The project reported here has used computer simulation models of the data reported from such experiments to learn more about the dopamine transporter. The advantage of using this model is that only the extracellular parameters of dopamine kinetics need to be included, eliminated the need for a more complex model that also includes cytosolic kinetic parameters. The first part of the study evaluated four mechanisms by which the dopamine...
5.
Enhancing the Care of Pregnant Women with Epilepsy: A Focus Group Approach - Patankar, Chetana
BACKGROUND: Through a long-standing collaboration with the Medical Centers Maternal-Fetal Medicine program, a clinical pharmacist from the Comprehensive Epilepsy program works with pregnant women with epilepsy in the High-Risk Obstetrics Clinic. Through this clinical collaboration, it has been observed that some women stop or lower their antiepileptic drug therapy during pregnancy out of concern for their baby. This puts the woman and her baby at risk from increased seizure activity during the pregnancy. PURPOSE: The aim of this qualitative project was to learn why pregnant women may or may not alter their antiepileptic drug therapy. This aim was achieved by...
6.
In Vitro Stability and Pharmacokinetics of Novel Antileishmanial Compounds - Becker, Kimberly
Leishmaniasis, a disease caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania, affects millions of people worldwide [6]. Without effective treatment, visceral leishmaniasis is associated with a near 100% fatality rate, whereas other forms can be severely debilitating [6]. Current treatments are not ideal because of toxicity, resistance, expense, and inconvenience [6].
Work to develop new drugs is underway at The Ohio State University and is led by Dr. Karl Werbovetz. Over the past few years Dr. Werbovetz and colleagues have generated a library of antiparasitic compounds known to specifically target Leishmania and trypanosome tubulin. In the first round of derivatization, several...
7.
The Role of NOD-Mediated Innate Immune Activation in Lung Epithelia - Bensman, Timothy J.
The ability to recognize and remove pathogens that invade the lower airway, while maintaining homeostasis in the lung microenvironment, is an essential function of the innate immune system. An evolving hypothesis in this relatively new area of research is that in addition to maintaining normal host function, the molecular machinery responsible for pathogen recognition and activation of the innate immune response, may also contribute to chronic inflammatory diseases if a break down in normal function occurs [9].
This thesis focuses on the investigation of NOD-like receptor proteins (NLRs) which are involved in intracellular pathogen recognition and activation of the innate...
9.
?-H2AX as a DNA damage marker to evaluate Suramin sensitization effect on Cisplatin in pancreatic cancer xenograft - Patel, Prachi
Purpose: ?-H2AX, a DNA double strand break marker, was used to evaluate suramin
sensitization effect in cisplatin-treated Capan-1-bearing mice xenografts.
Methods: Mice bearing pancreatic cancer Capan-1 subcutaneous xenografts were treated
with control vehicle, cisplatin (7.5mg/kg), suramin (10mg/kg) combined with cisplatin, or
suramin (100mg/kg) combined with cisplatin. Tumor samples were taken on 45th day
after initiation of treatment. DNA damage after drug treatment was evaluated using
immunohistochemical staining with ? -H2AX antibody.
Results: In terms of tumor growth, suramin at low dose enhanced tumor size shrinkage
and delayed tumor regrowth compared to cisplatin alone, while high dose suramin
antagonized cisplatin effect. Low dose suramin induced more DNA damage indicated by
?-H2AX...
10.
Computational Simulations of Dopaminergic Varicosities Suggest Two Sources of DOPAC Rather Than Two Populations of Dopamine Storage Vesicles - Hughes, Rachel
There are conflicting interpretations as to how many populations of dopamine storage vesicles exist in the nerve terminals of dopaminergic neurons. The goal of this project is to develop a computer simulation model of a dopaminergic varicosity that provides a plausible quantitative description of these populations and a possible set of rules for movement between two populations of vesicles. Both a one-compartment and a two-compartment model were devised for comparison, and it was found that the one-compartment model was able to successfully explain all of the data supporting two populations of storage vesicles in paradigms that stimulate dopaminergic neurons at...
12.
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in BCRP and Effects on Flavopiridol Transport - Tran, Linda
Flavopiridol is a promising therapeutic agent currently under phase I and phase II clinical investigation for the treatment of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) and other hematologic and solid tumor malignancies. Flavopiridol is a potent inhibitor of CDks (cyclin-dependent kinases), and its cytotoxic activity is associated with the arrest of cells in G1 or G2 phases of the cell cycle.1 Breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) is a 70 kDA transmembrane transporter involved in multidrug resistance.2 BCRP exports flavopiridol from cells3 resulting in decreased intracellular drug accumulation and resistance to its cytotoxic effects. A single nucleotide polymorphism in BCRP is known to...
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