Repositório do ISPA Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada
(4.437 recursos)
No Repositório do ISPA pode encontrar diversos tipos de documentos, em formato digital, resultantes da produção científica do ISPA designadamente: teses de doutoramento, teses de mestrado, artigos em publicações periódicas nacionais e internacionais, relatórios técnicos, artigos em actas de conferências nacionais e internacionais e capítulos de livros.
PSAU - Artigos em revistas internacionais
Mostrando recursos 1 - 20 de 35
1.
Women who prefer longer penises are more likely to havevaginal orgasms (but not clitoral orgasms): Implications for an evolutionary theory of vaginal orgasmjsm - Costa, Rui Miguel; Miller, Geoffrey F.; Brody, Stuart
Introduction. Research indicates that (i) women’s orgasm during penile–vaginal intercourse (PVI) is influenced by
fitness-related male partner characteristics, (ii) penis size is important for many women, and (iii) preference for a
longer penis is associated with greater vaginal orgasm consistency (triggered by PVI without concurrent clitoral
masturbation).
Aims. To test the hypothesis that vaginal orgasm frequency is associated with women’s reporting that a longer than
average penis is more likely to provoke their PVI orgasm.
Method. Three hundred twenty-three women reported in an online survey their past month frequency of various
sexual behaviors (including PVI, vaginal orgasm, and clitoral orgasm), the effects of a longer than average...
2.
Aging with diabetes: Sense of coherence and satisfaction with life in european older adults with type 2 diabetes - Humboldt, Sofia von; Leal, Isabel Pereira; Santos, Susana; Niculescu, Georgeta
ABSTRACT --
Objectives: The population’s increased longevity is leading to a worldwide concern about older adults’
well-being and about the incidence of chronic diseases such as diabetes. The present research intends to: (a)
determine significant differences among three groups of older adults with diverse diabetes diagnosis, namely,
participants with only type 2 diabetes, participants with diabetes and other chronic diseases and the remaining
without any chronic disease, regarding the satisfaction with life (SWL) and sense of coherence (SOC) scores,
and (b) to assess the association of SWL with SOC in these groups.
Method: We recruited 304 non-institutionalized older adults aged between 74-100 years (M=82.9; SD= 6.71),
who...
3.
Examining occupational stress, sources of stress and stress management strategies through the eyes of management consultants: A multiple correspondence analysis for latent constructs - Humboldt, Sofia von; Leal, Isabel Pereira; Laneiro, Tito; Tavares, Patrícia
To date, little research has yet focused in broad assessment for management consultancy professionals. This investigation
aims to analysemanagement consultants’ self-perceptions of occupational stress (SPoOS), sources of stress (SoS) and stress
management strategies (SMS) and to find latent constructs that can work as major determinants in consultants’ conceptualization
of SPoOS, SoS and SMS. Measures were completed, including demographics and interviews. Complete data
were available for 39 management consultants, 53.8% male and aged between 23 and 56 years (M=38.0; SD=9.2).
The data were subjected to content analysis. Representation of the associations and latent constructs were analysed by a
multiple correspondence analysis. Results indicated that ‘intellectual disturber’ (31.4%)...
5.
Menopausal symptoms: Do life events predict severity of symptoms in peri- and post-menopause? - Pimenta, Filipa; Leal, Isabel Pereira; Maroco, João; Ramos, Catarina
Objective: Hormonal changes during menopausal transition are linked to physical and psychological
symptoms’ emergence. This study aims to explore if life events predict menopausal symptoms.
Methods: This cross-sectional research encompasses a community sample of 992 women who answered
to socio-demographic, health, menopause-related and lifestyle questionnaires; menopausal symptoms
and life events were assessed with validated instruments. Structural equation modeling was used to build
a causal model.
Results: Menopausal status predicted only three symptoms: skin/facial hair changes (B = .136; p = .020),
sexual (B = .157; p = .004) and, marginally, vasomotor symptoms (B = .094; p = .054). Life events predicted
depressive mood (B =
−.391; p = .002),...
6.
Masturbation among women: Associated factors and sexual response in a portuguese community sample - Carvalheira, Ana Alexandra; Leal, Isabel Pereira
Masturbation is a common sexual practice with significant variations in reported incidence between men and women. The goal of this study was to explore the (1) age at initiation and frequency of masturbation, (2) associations of masturbation with diverse variables, (3) reported reasons for masturbating and associated emotions, and (4) the relationship between frequency of masturbation and different sexual behavioral factors. A total of 3,687 women completed a web-based survey of previously pilot-tested items. The results reveal a high reported incidence of masturbation practices amongst this convenience sample of women. Ninety one percent of women, in this sample, indicated that...
7.
Brief cognitive-behavioral therapy for weight loss in midlife women: A controlled study with follow-up - Pimenta, Filipa; Leal, Isabel Pereira; Maroco, João; Ramos, Catarina
Objective: Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) has proven to be effective in weight reduction. This study explores whether individual, 8-session CBT can promote weight loss in midlife women.
Methods: Anthropometric (weight, abdominal perimeter, and body mass index calculation), psychological (health-related and sexual quality of life, stress, anxiety, and depression), and behavioral measures (binge eating disorder and restrained, external, and emotional eating) were assessed at baseline (T1), posttreatment (T2), and 4-month follow-up (T3), for a total of 21 women at baseline; the CBT group (n = 11) and the control group (n = 10; waiting list) were compared.
Results: Statistically significant effects that were dependent...
8.
Validity of four pain intensity rating scales - Valente, Maria Alexandra Ferreira; Ribeiro, José Luís Pais; Jensen, Mark P.
The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), Verbal Rating Scale (VRS), and the Faces
Pain Scale-Revised (FPS-R) are among the most commonly used measures of pain intensity in clinical and
research settings. Although evidence supports their validity as measures of pain intensity, few studies
have compared them with respect to the critical validity criteria of responsivity, and no experiment
has directly compared all 4 measures in the same study. The current study compared the relative validity
of VAS, NRS, VRS, and FPS-R for detecting differences in painful stimulus intensity and differences
between men and women in response to experimentally induced pain. One hundred twenty-seven...
9.
Quality of life is a primary end-point in clinical settings - Ribeiro, José Luís Pais
The objective of this review is to present and discuss the quality of life
(QOL) construct, more specifically the QOL in the field of health and disease also
designated as health-related quality of life (HRQOL). QOL is an everyday language
concept with a relatively short history in the health field. It became a principal endpoint
in health care as a consequence of the development of patients’ rights
movements. It is important for clinical, economic and political decisions. There is no
gold standard way to measure QOL and the existence of a huge number of measures
and related QOL concepts makes it difficult to discuss QOL. This means...
10.
Psychosocial clinical pathway of breast cancer in portuguese women: The distress, emotional control, neuroticism, social support, coping, quality of life and body image perception’s changes over time - Patrão, Ivone Alexandra Martins; Leal, Isabel Pereira; Maroco, João
Distressing events can lead to negative outcomes, such as post-traumatic stress symptoms; however, they can also lead to
positive outcomes, being an experience of post-traumatic growth or benefit finding. In the context of cancer, the positive thinking may
impact on important psychological outcomes, including depression, anxiety, positive well-being and health behaviors. There are few
longitudinal studies in this area. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the psychosocial clinical pathway of Portuguese women
with breast cancer (time 1 “diagnosis”, time 2 “surgery” and time 3 “treatments”). A total of 30 women diagnosed with breast cancer
were evaluated, on 3 separate occasions, in relation...
11.
Depression and self-awareness of impairment in a group of adults with sight loss - Senra, Hugo Renato Carreira Gomes; Oliveira, Rui Aragão Gomes; Leal, Isabel Pereira
Background: Depression has been referred as a frequent
problem in visually impaired adults. Recent studies have
hypothesized depression as part of the adjustment process to
vision loss. Studies with other physically impaired patients
have associated depression with self-awareness of the
impairment.
Aim: Our study wants to know if self-awareness of the
impairment is associated with depressive levels, putting
depression as part of the adjustment process to vision loss.
Methods: A naturalistic cross-sectional study, using both
qualitative and quantitative instruments was adopted. Our
sample was composed by a selected group of 40 adult patients
at a rehabilitation setting, and who have lost their vision after
age 18. Self-awareness of the impairment was collected
through semi-structured...
12.
A cross-cultural perspective on psychological determinants of chronic fatigue syndrome: A comparison between a portuguese and a dutch patient sample - Marques, Marta Moreira; De Gucht, Véronique; Leal, Isabel Pereira; Maes, Stan
Background Few studies focus on cross-cultural differences
in Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS).
Purpose This study aimed to (1) compare fatigue severity
and impairment, somatic complaints, psychological distress,
and quality of life (QoL) in a population of Portuguese and
Dutch patients; (2) explore the differential contribution of
behavioral and cognitive determinants of fatigue severity;
and (3) investigate the relation between fatigue severity and
somatic complaints on one hand and QoL on the other in
both populations.
Method Eighty-five female patients from Portugal (Mean age0
47.54) and 167 female CFS patients from The Netherlands
(Mean age044.93) participated in the study. All participants
were surveyed for demographic and clinical characteristics,
fatigue severity, somatic symptoms, psychological distress,
(physical and...
13.
Beyond the body image: A qualitative study on how adults experience lower limb amputation - Senra, Hugo Renato Carreira Gomes; Oliveira, Rui Aragão Gomes; Leal, Isabel Pereira; Vieira, Cristina
Objective: To explore adults’ experiences of lower limb amputation, focusing on the changes in
self-identity related to the impairment.
Design: A cross-sectional and qualitative study, using semi-structured interviews. Interviews were
transcribed, coded and analysed by two independent researchers.
Setting: A rehabilitation medicine service from a general public hospital.
Participants: A convenience sample of 42 patients with lower limb amputation performed after the age
of 18 and followed up in the physical medicine and rehabilitation department of a general hospital.
Main outcome measures: A semi-structured interview, addressing three core areas: the emotional
impact of amputation; the adjustment process; and the relation with the external resources.
Results: Eight themes emerged from...
14.
Menopause Symptoms’ Severity Inventory (MSSI-38): Assessing the frequency and intensity of symptoms - Pimenta, Filipa; Leal, Isabel Pereira; Ramos, Catarina
Objectives Menopausal instruments usually assess the frequency or intensity of symptoms. The present
study develops and validates an inventory to assess the severity of menopausal symptoms through the
measurement of their frequency and intensity, and explores the differences between women with different
menopausal status.
Methods A community sample of 992 Portuguese women in pre-, peri- and postmenopause completed the
proposed inventory with 47 items. Factor exploratory and confi rmatory analyses, and comparative statistics
for paired and independent samples, were applied using PASW Statistics v.19 and AMOS v.18 software.
Results The fi nal structure with 38 items organized in 12 factors showed overall good psychometric
properties (in terms of...
15.
Adjustment and age through the eyes of portuguese and english community dwelling older adults - von Humboldt, Sofia; Leal, Isabel Pereira; Pimenta, Filipa
To analyze subjective age (SA) and the
contributors to adjustment to aging (AtA) identified by
older adults and to investigate the latent constructs that
can work as major determinants in SA and AtA in an older
population. Method: Measures were completed, using a
variety of appropriate methods, including demographics
and interviews. Complete data were available for 108
older adults aged between 75-99 years (M = 81.1;
SD = 6.43). Data was subjected to content analysis.
Representation of the associations and latent constructs
were analyzed by a Multiple Correspondence Analysis
(MCA). Results: The most prevalent response of the
interviewed participants for contributors to AtA was ‘sense
of limit and existential issues’ (20.2%). ‘With congruence’
(29.3%)...
16.
Validity and reliability of the portuguese version of the Dispositional Flow Scale-2 in Exercise - Gouveia, Maria João Pinheiro Morais; Ribeiro, José Luís Pais; Marques, Marta Moreira; Carvalho, Cláudia Maria Constante Ferreira de
This study aimed to analyze the factorial validity and reliability of the Portuguese version of the Dispositional Flow Scalc-2 (DFS-2;
Jackson and Eklund, 2002) with a sample of 1437 exercise participants, a population in which flow has not been widely studied. The CFA adjustment
indices of the nine-factor first-order structure were acceptable. Both the time transformation and loss of self-consciousness scales presented modest correlations
with the remaining flow dimensions. Internal consistency estimates were satisfactory for all flow factors. Except for time transformation, all
the dispositional flow scales correlated with perceived competence in and enjoyment of exercise. These findings provide support for the validity and...
17.
Assessing subjective age and adjustment to aging in a portuguese and german older population: A comparative multiple correspondence analysis - von Humboldt, Sofia; Leal, Isabel Pereira; Pimenta, Filipa
Purpose: This study aims at examining the contributors to adjustment to aging (AtA) and subjective age (SA)
identified by older adults and to investigate the latent constructs that can work as major determinants in AtA and
SA in an older Portuguese and German population.
Method: Measures were completed, using a variety of appropriate methods, including demographics and
interviews. Complete data were available for 102 older adults aged between 74-100 years (M=81.2; SD = 6.70).
Data was subjected to content analysis. Representation of the associations and latent constructs were analyzed by
a Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA).
Results: Findings showed a model for each nationality. SA and AtA for...
18.
Protocol for the “four steps to control your fatigue (4-STEPS)” randomised controlled trial: A self-regulation based physical activity intervention for patients with unexplained chronic fatigue - Marques, Marta Moreira; De Gucht, Véronique; Maes, Stan; Leal, Isabel Pereira
Background: Unexplained Chronic Fatigue is a medical condition characterized by the presence of persistent,
severe and debilitating medically unexplained fatigue, leading to impaired functioning and lower quality of life.
Research suggests that physical activity can contribute to the reduction of fatigue and other somatic symptoms
and can thus significantly improve physical functioning and quality of life in these patients. Based on the selfregulation
(SR) theory of behaviour change, we developed a brief physical activity program for patients suffering
from unexplained chronic fatigue which focuses on the training of self-regulation skills, the “4-STEPS to control
your fatigue” program.
Methods/Design: This is a multi-centre, randomised controlled trial (RCT) that...
19.
Perturbações do comportamento alimentar na gravidez: Uma revisão - Cardoso, Jordana Pinto; Pires, António Augusto Pazo
Esta revisão de literatura visa abordar os processos envolvidos nas perturbações do comportamento alimentar
no período gravídico, nomeadamente no que respeita às vivências subjectivas das mulheres grávidas e dos
seus companheiros. Apesar da escassez de estudos sobre a sua experiência neste período, sobretudo relativos
às vivências dos intervenientes, é visível a variedade de respostas das grávidas que tiveram alguma
perturbação do comportamento alimentar na sua história de vida. Para além da prevalência e dos riscos
associados a estas perturbações para a grávida e para o bebé, analisa-se a precipitação, melhoria, manutenção
ou agravamento de sintomas associados a estas perturbações e possíveis factores envolvidos. Aborda-se,
finalmente, a importância...
20.
O comportamento parental de companheiros de mulheres com depressão pós-parto - Martins, Débora C. da Silva; Pires, António Augusto Pazo
Os últimos estudos acerca da Depressão Pós-Parto (DPP) parecem concluir que o apoio do companheiro, têm um
impacto muito favorável na forma como a nova mãe se adapta à maternidade. Descobrir de que forma os pais vivem
a DPP das suas companheiras e a influência que isso tem no comportamento do casal e na relação com o bebé foi o
nosso objectivo. Utilizamos a Grounded Theory e investigámos 7 casos de Depressão Pós-parto. Participaram 5 pais
e 6 mães e 2 pediatras. Concluímos que: os companheiros das mulheres com depressão pós-parto referem alguma
“perplexidade”, face a esta situação inesperada que parece vir “reactivar vivências e...
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