Infoscience
(66.951 recursos)
Repository of the publications, research reports, PhD Theses, Ms Theses, semester works, lectures, etc., of the Facultés, Laboratories and Researchers at the EPFL.
Mostrando recursos 1 - 20 de 24
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A Symbolic Characterisation of Open Bisimulation for the Spi Calculus - Briais, Sébastien
Open hedged bisimulation was proposed as a generalisation to the spi calculus of the pi calculus'open bisimulation. In this paper, we extend previous work on open hedged bisimulation. We show that open hedged bisimilarity is closed under respectful substitutions and give a symbolic characterisation of open hedged bisimulation. The latter result is an important step towards mechanisation of open hedged bisimilarity.
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A Symbolic Characterisation of Open Bisimulation for the Spi Calculus - Briais, Sébastien
Open hedged bisimulation was proposed as a generalisation to the spi calculus of the pi calculus'open bisimulation. In this paper, we extend previous work on open hedged bisimulation. We show that open hedged bisimilarity is closed under respectful substitutions and give a symbolic characterisation of open hedged bisimulation. The latter result is an important step towards mechanisation of open hedged bisimilarity.
3.
Optimal Fiscal Policy in a Monetary Union - Lambertini, Luisa
We study optimal fiscal policy in a monetary union where monetary policy is decided by an independent central bank. We consider a two-country model with trade in goods and assets, augmented with sticky prices, labor income taxes and stochastic government consumption. It is optimal to finance a shock in part by running deficits and in part by raising the labor income tax, even though the latter is distortionary. The optimal speed of adjustment of budget deficits is much higher than the benchmark adjustment of 0.5 percent of GDP per year required by the recent revision of the Stability and Growth...
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Is U.S. Fiscal Policy Optimal? - Onorante, Luca; Lambertini, Luisa; Giammarioli, Nicola
We characterize optimal fiscal policy in a model calibrated to the U.S. economy and use it as a benchmark to evaluate actual U.S. fiscal policy. We summarize optimal and actual fiscal policies by linear tax rules whose coe±cients are chosen so as to minimize the distance between the impulse responses generated under the rules and alternatively under optimal fiscal policy and under empirical VARs. As for optimal fiscal policy, we find that the optimal labor income tax rate should: a) increase in response to a positive government spending shock and decrease in response to a positive technological shock; b) respond...
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Review of Eurotunnels Decision-Making Process A critical appraisal of Ex-ante vs. Ex-post studies - Reynaud, Christian; Geambasu, Georgeta; Sevestre, Aymeric; Chevroulet, Tristan
This document provides a methodical investigation of the main assessment steps that have led to the construction of Eurotunnel and it compares the results of the analyses that were achieved before the key decisions with the results of studies that have been undertaken since Eurotunnel is in operation. The analysis of successful and mismatched appraisals is followed by a series of methodological recommendations aimed at helping decision-makers to gain from positive experience and to avoid the pitfalls that Eurotunnel encountered. EVA-TREN is the acronym of improved decision-aid methods and tools to support evaluation of investment for transport and energy networks...
6.
Academic Licensing: a European Study - Foray, Dominique; Gaulé, Patrick; Conti, Annamaria
This paper is an empirical analysis of the impact that different organisational forms of the Technology Transfer Offices (TTOs) in Europe have on their licensing activity. Given the great diversity of organization forms prevailing across European TTOs, our paper attempts to shed more light on which of those forms might be more efficient. We use as a measure of efficiency and as dependent variable of our model the number of license agreements concluded. Controlling for staff, invention disclosures, quality of the academic institution, life science orientation and demand for technology, we find evidence for the importance of personnel with a...
7.
Linking Policy Research and Practice in 'STIG Systems': Many Obstacles, but Some Ways Forward - Foray, Dominique; David, Paul A.; Aghion, Philippe
This paper reflects on the relevance of "systems-theoretic" approaches to the interdependent policy issues bearing on the dynamics of science, technology and innovation in their relationship to economic growth. Considering the approach that characterizes much of the current economics literature's treatment of technology and growth policies, we pose the critical question: what kind of systems paradigm is likely to prove particularly fruitful in that particular problem-domain? Evolutionary, neo-Schumpeterian, and complex system dynamics approaches are conceptually attractive, and we examine their respective virtues while also acknowledging their more serious problematic features. The latter become visible quickly when one tries to connect...
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Pitfalls in Estimating the Returns to Corporate R&D Using Accounting Data - Mairesse, Jacques; Hall, Bronwyn H.; Foray, Dominique
Does R&D have an impact on firm growth, profits, and value? To most observers, the obvious answer is yes. However, the recent report by Booz-Allen-Hamilton (BAH 2006) seems to conclude that the share of spending devoted to research has no relationship to the economic performance of an enterprise, and offers support to the view that it is possible to compete successfully in the modern economy without investing in R&D. This issue is an important one because the large corporations they considered are responsible for the vast majority of private R&D spending in developed economies, and are therefore important actors in...
9.
Neural Modeling of Imitation Deficits - Adriani, M.; Petreska, B.
This abstract addresses the question of human imitation through convergent evidence from neuroscience. We look at deficits in imitation following brain lesion, such as apraxia. We believe that looking at how imitation is impaired can unveil its underlying principles. We also take inspiration from numerous brain imaging studies to ground the functional architecture and information flow of our model. In the end we will use findings from monkey brain neurophysiological studies to implement the details of our processing modules. We aim at developing a model of visuo-motor imitation using tools from neural networks and dynamical systems. The model should account...
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