141.
La industria electrónica en los países de Europa central y oriental: una nueva localización de la producción global
- Radosevic, Slavo
Los países de Europa central y oriental (PECO) han surgido como una nueva localización global en la industria electrónica. En este artículo se analiza: 1) qué factores explican el surgimiento de los PECO como localización de la producción electrónica global y 2) qué podríamos aprender del éxito de los PECO en electrónica en materia de política y de gestión. La integración de esta industria ha sido impulsada por la inversión extranjera directa y las redes de producción global. El notable éxito de Europa central en este sector se fundamenta todavía sobre una base bastante exigua, ya que a corto plazo...
142.
Towards electronic commerce management systems : concepts and architecture
- Zhao, J. Leon; Lu, Hongjun; Misic, Vojislav B.
Presently, Internet-based electronic commerce systems are developed through in-house programming and are plagued with uneven quality, low productivity, and little reusability. Furthermore, low interoperability between those systems is also a major obstacle to the deployment of open and flexible electronic markets. We investigate the concept of electronic commerce management systems (ECMS), which can help consolidate the electronic commerce technology by integrating object-oriented architectures, Web information systems, database systems, and workflow systems. In this paper, we develop the main concepts and propose a high level architecture for ECMS.
143.
Comercio y marketing electrónico de los productos agroalimentarios de calidad certificada en Castilla y León
- Kallas, Zein; Gómez-Limón Rodríguez, José Antonio; San Martín Fernández, Roberto
El Comercio Electrónico de los productos agroalimentaros aún posee un volumen mínimo comparado con otros sectores. No obstante, es previsible un importante desarrollo en un futuro próximo, especialmente en relación a los productos de mayor calidad. Este trabajo pretende analizar la situación actual del Comercio y Marketing Electrónico de productos agroalimentarios de calidad certificada en Castilla y León, así como estudiar las posibilidades de desarrollo en un futuro próximo. Para lograrlo se ha recurrido a una catalogación de las empresas elaboradoras de estos productos. De ella se obtuvo un catálogo de 134 empresas, de las cuales 56 poseen páginas web....
144.
The 21st Century Learning Model: Electronic Tutelage Realized
- Kathryn A. Marold; Ph. D
The 21 st century learning model of electronic tutelage is explained. With the movement of the personal computer into the "everyday " of our existence, the underlying theory of electronic tutelage is explained and supported. Electronic tutelage refers to the use of computers to learn new concepts, rather than using the human teacher-learner interaction. The changes in the delivery of IT education are a reflection of the technological changes in our society as a whole. The delivery of education by use of computer as a complement, or even a substitute for, the human tutor is the essence of electronic tutelage....
145.
Evolving Databases: An Application to Electronic Commerce
- Bradley Fordham; Serge Abiteboul; Yelena Yesha
Many complex and dynamic database applications such as product modeling and negotiation monitoring require a number of features that have been adopted in semantic models and databases such as active rules, constraints, inheritance, etc. Unfortunately, each feature has largely been considered in isolation. Furthermore, in a commercial negotiation, participants staking their financial well-beings will never accept a system they cannot gain a precise behavioral understanding of. We attack these problems with a rich and extensible database model, evolving databases, with a clear and precise semantics based on evolving algebras [5]. We also briefly describe a prototype implementation of the model...
146.
Practical and Efficient Electronic Voting Schemes *
- Zhi-jia Tzeng; Wen-guey Tzeng
We present various types of new electronic voting schemes, including two-way, multi-way and multi-selection election schemes, which guarantee privacy, universal verifiability, and robustness. Initially, a voter registers a polynomial function, his public key, with the election committee. Each voter uses his polynomial function to cast his vote in various elections. The distinct feature is that each term of a polynomial function corresponds to a candidate in a multi-way election. Thus, the final tally is independent among candidates, and the time complexity for searching final results is O(n). In our schemes, each voter contacts the authorities only once; thus, our schemes...
147.
Un caso: la red de gobierno electrónico de América Latina y el Caribe: el discreto encanto de la cooperación
- López, Roberto
El rol de los organismos internacionales en la implementación de estrategias y acciones de gobierno electrónico es un asunto cuya definición no siempre puede desligarse de la variada suerte que han tenido los programas que esos organismos han destinado al tema en la región. En ese contexto, la red Gealc, impulsada por la Organización de Estados Americanos y el Instituto para la Conectividad en las Américas, busca que su impacto surja del sentido común que la hizo nacer, por lo que se posiciona como una iniciativa que facilita la cooperación horizontal entre los actores que tienen a su cargo pilotar...
148.
Indicadores y dimensiones que definen la actitud del consumidor hacia el uso del comercio electrónico
- Jiménez Martínez, Julio; Martín de Hoyos, Mª José
El objetivo de este trabajo es identificar los indicadores y dimensiones que
definen la actitud del consumidor hacia Internet como canal o medio para realizar las compras.
Para ello y, después de recoger en una escala los indicadores publicados en la literatura, y mediante ecuaciones estructurales, los resultados indican que, por un lado, existen factores característicos del comercio electrónico que lo diferencian del comercio tradicional porque aportan un mayor valor añadido al consumidor y que denominamos factores motivadores a la compra. Por otro lado, teniendo en cuenta que el consumidor percibe mayor riesgo en sus compras en Internet que por los canales...
149.
DUAL PRICING IN ELECTRONIC MARKETS 1
- Panos M. Markopoulos; Ravi Aron; Lyle H. Ungar
We model the availability of information about product attributes in Internet-based markets, focusing on a phenomenon that we term as information deficit (availability of less than perfect information about product attributes) and its impact on the equilibrium strategies of sellers and buyers in electronic markets. We create a model of a market for a differentiated product and investigate how buyer uncertainty regarding the attributes of the product drives market outcomes. We show that a market for product information can partly correct the inefficiencies that arise from imperfect information and predict that product information will begin to be traded once appropriate...
150.
Electronic contracting with cosmos - how to establish, negotiate and execute electronic contracts on the internet
- F. Griffel; M. Boger; H. Weinreich; W. Lamersdorf
Today, the Internet gains more and more attraction even for small companies to contact business partners and to automate cooperation between each other. However, the smaller the company the higher the relative setup costs that are required if the complete process of a commercial transaction is to be supported. We propose COSMOS as an Internet-based electronic contracting service that facilitates commercial partners with offer catalogues, a brokerage service, contract negotiation and signing as well as contract execution. The COSMOS architecture supports these functions in an integrated, unified way. The design and execution of contracts integrates patterns from the CORBA Joint...
151.
An Open Approach for Designing Secure Electronic Immobilizers
- Kerstin Lemke; Ahmad-reza Sadeghi; Christian Stüble; Horst Görtz
Abstract. The automotive industry has developed electronic immobilizers to reduce the number of car thefts since the mid nineties. However, there is not much information on the current solutions in the public domain, and the annual number of stolen cars still causes a significant loss. This generates other costs particularly regarding the increased insurance fees each individual has to pay. In this paper we present a system model that captures a variety of security aspects concerning electronic immobilizers. We consider generic security and functional requirements for constructing secure electronic immobilizers. The main practical problems and limitations are addressed and we...
152.
La Red RIF-GE: articulación de conocimiento para el gobierno electrónico en las Américas
- Tesoro, José Luis
Red Interamericana de Formación en Gobierno Electrónico (RIF-GE) of Colegio de las Américas (COLAM)
of Organización Universitaria Interamericana (OUI), that operates with the support of the Canadian Agency for International Development, has as mission to jointly profit from activities, programs, experiences and resources from countries in the Americas, regarding the formation of Electronic Government. In this article, RIF-GE's objectives and pillars are reviewed, as well as its empirical findings relative to formation priorities in Electronic Government in order to contribute to the strengthening of democratic ruling in Latin American and Caribbean countries.
153.
Security techniques for electronic commerce applications
- Zhao, Weiliang; University of Western Sydney; College of Science, Technology and Environment; School of Computing and Information Technology
Electronic commerce and the internet provide greater opportunities for companies and individual person to be involved in commercial activities; the involved parties may not know or trust each other or may even be mutually suspicious of each other. The issue of fairness becomes more critical and must be well addressed. The aim of this thesis is to investigate security solutions with fairness for on-line transactions. A fair trading protocol with credit payment is proposed. The proof of equivalence of discrete logarithm to discrete loglogarithm is employed as the main tool to construct the protocol. The scheme provides a unique link...
154.
Local Oscillators in Electronic Warfare Applications
- Nguyen, L.V. T
Photonic technology is characterised by low attenuation, wide bandwidth and immunity to electrical interference, which are ideal for the manipulation of radio frequency, microwave and millimetre-wave signals. In particular, photonics has been proposed as an enabling technology for wideband receiver architectures for Electronic Warfare (EW) applications. In addition, this new technology has the potential to simplify receiver architectures, which in turn has cost-reduction benefits, while maintaining receiver performance. One area where photonics can provide an advantage is for distribution of the local oscillator (LO) frequency in complex EW systems utilising heterodyning reception. Achieving this using an optical signal distributed over...
155.
Local Oscillators in Electronic Warfare Applications
- Nguyen, L.V. T
Photonic technology is characterised by low attenuation, wide bandwidth and immunity to electrical interference, which are ideal for the manipulation of radio frequency, microwave and millimetre-wave signals. In particular, photonics has been proposed as an enabling technology for wideband receiver architectures for Electronic Warfare (EW) applications. In addition, this new technology has the potential to simplify receiver architectures, which in turn has cost-reduction benefits, while maintaining receiver performance. One area where photonics can provide an advantage is for distribution of the local oscillator (LO) frequency in complex EW systems utilising heterodyning reception. Achieving this using an optical signal distributed over...
156.
Electronic Payment Systems
As business is moving from face-to-face trading, mail order and telephone order to electronic
commerce over open networks such as the Internet, crucial security issues are
being raised. While Electronic Funds Transfer over financial networks is reasonably secure,
securing payments over open networks connecting commercial servers and consumer
workstations poses challenges of a new dimension.
This report reviews the state of the art in payment technologies, and sketches emerging
developments, especially IBM's Internet Keyed Payment protocol, iKP.
1 Introduction
Since the dawn of history there has been trading between two parties exchanging
goods face-to-face. Eventually such trading became complicated and money was invented
so a buyer could acquire something he...
157.
Auditable, Anonymous Electronic Cash
Most anonymous, electronic cash systems are signature-based. A side effect of this is that in these systems the bank has the technical ability to issue unreported, valid money. It has been noticed in the past that this may lead to a disaster if the secret key of the bank is compromised. Furthermore, the above feature prevents any effective monitoring of the system. In this paper we build a fully anonymous, auditable system, by constructing an electronic cash system that is signature-free, and where the bank needs to have no secret at all. The security of the system relies instead on...
158.
Programmable Electronic Safety Systems
- Richard Parry Superconducting
Traditionally safety systems intended for protecting personnel from electrical and radiation hazards at particle accelerator laboratories have made extensive use of electromechanical relays. These systems have the advantage of high reliability and allow the designer to easily implement failsafe circuits. Relay based systems are also typically simple to design, implement, and test. As systems, such as those presently under development at the Superconducting Super Collider Laboratory (SSCL), increase in size, and the number of monitored points escalates, relay based systems become cumbersome and inadequate. The move toward Programmable Electronic Safety Systems is becoming more widespread and accepted. In developing these...
159.
Agent-Mediated Electronic Commerce
Abstract. Electronic commerce has been one of the traditional arenas for agent technology. The complexity of these applications has been a challenge for researchers that have developed methodologies, products, and systems, having in mind the specificities of trade, the interaction particularities of commerce, the strict notion of commitment and contract, and the clearly shaped conventions and norms that structure the field. In this paper I survey some key areas for agent technology which, although general, are of special importance in electronic commerce, namely, solid development methodologies, negotiation technologies and trust-building mechanisms. I give examples of systems in which I have...
160.
ABSTRACT A Modularized Electronic Payment System for Agent-based E-commerce
- Sheng-uei Guan; Sin Lip Tan; Feng Hua
With the explosive growth of the Internet, electronic-commerce (e-commerce) is an increasingly important segment of commercial activities on the web. The Secure Agent Fabrication, Evolution & Roaming (SAFER) architecture was proposed to further facilitate e-commerce using agent technology. In this paper, the electronic payment aspect of SAFER will be explored. The Secure Electronic Transaction (SET) protocol and E-Cash were selected as the bases for the electronic payment system implementation. The various modules of the payment system and how they interface with each other are shown. An extensible implementation done using Java TM will also be elaborated. This application incorporates agent...
