1. Control de nematodos en viveros de olivo en la agricultura sostenible - Castillo, Pablo; Nico, Andrés I.; Jiménez-Díaz, Rafael M.
Con el desarrollo de la Nueva Olivicultura y la expansión del regadío existe la amenaza de infestación en plantones por nematodos fitoparásitos. El presente trabajo, realizado en las variedades Picual y Arbequina, ha mostrado, en condiciones experimentales, una reducción del vigor del plantón debida al ataque de estos parásitos, proponiendo la desinfestación de los sustratos viverísticos mediante la aplicación combinada de biofumigación, adición de enmienda orgánica y solarización de los mismos, prácticas compatibles con las exigencias de la agricultura sostenible.

2. Nematodes of elasmobranch fishes from the southern coast of Brazil - Knoff,Marcelo; São Clemente,Sérgio Carmona de; Pinto,Roberto Magalhães; Gomes,Delir Corrêa
New records for nematode species recovered from elasmobranch fishes in Brazil are established and new systematical arrangements proposed. Parascarophis sphyrnae Campana-Rouget, 1955 from the spiral valve of Sphyrna zygaena is referred for the first time in South America as a new host record. Procamallanus (S.) pereirai Annereaux, 1946, from the spiral valve of Raja castelnaui is reported parasitizing an elasmobranch host. Nematode larvae of the genera Anisakis, Contracaecum, Pseudoterranova and Raphidascaris are listed from the stomach and spiral valves of several hosts. Anisakidae larvae previously referred in Brazil in the genus Phocanema should be reallocated in Pseudoterranova. Nematodes of the...

3. Nematode Infections Are Risk Factors for Staphylococcal Infection in Children - Moreira-Silva,Sandra F; Leite,Alba LA; Brito,Eliana F; Pereira,Fausto EL
Nematode infection may be a risk factor for pyogenic liver abscess in children and we hypothesized that the immunomodulation induced by those parasites would be a risk factor for any staphylococcal infection in children. The present study was designed to compare, within the same hospital, the frequency of intestinal nematodes and Toxocara infection in children with and without staphylococcal infections. From October 1997 to February 1998, 80 children with staphylococcal infection and 110 children with other diseases were submitted to fecal examination, serology for Toxocara sp., evaluation of plasma immunoglobulin levels, and eosinophil counts. Mean age, gender distribution, birthplace, and...

4. In vitro interaction of Brazilian strains of the Nematode-trapping fungi Arthrobotrys spp. on Panagrellus sp. and Cooperia punctata - Gomes,APS; Vasconcellos,RS; Ramos,ML; Guimarães,MP; Yatsuda,AP; Vieira-Bressan,MCR
In vitro tests were carried out to verify the activity of 26 Brazilian isolates of predatory fungi of the genus Arthrobotrys on a free-living nematode (Panagrellus sp.) and on infective larvae of Cooperia punctata, a parasitic gastrointestinal nematode of cattle. The results showed that the free-living nematode Panagrellus sp. was the most preyed upon, compared to C. punctata, for all the fungal treatments. Also, variable predatory capacity was observed for different fungal isolates belonging to the same genus when applied to different nematode species.

5. Nematodes as bioindicators of soil food web health in agroecosystems: a critical analysis - Briar, Shabeg Singh
Nematodes occupy a central position in the soil food web occurring at multiple trophic levels and, therefore, have the potential to provide insights into condition of the soil food webs. I hypothesized that differences in management strategies may have differential effects on nematode community structure and soil properties. This hypothesis was tested in three different replicated experiments. In the first study a conventional farming system receiving synthetic inputs was compared with an organically managed system and in the second study four different farming strategies with and without compost application transitioning to organic management were compared for nematode communities and soil...

6. A new nematode species (Seuratoidea, Cucullanidae) parasitizing Parauchenipterus striatulus (Steindachner, 1876) (Pisces, Auchenipteridae) in Brazil - Moreira,Narcisa IB; Rocha,Gilberto N; Costa,Hélio MA
A new species of a cucullanid nematode is described, illustrated and compared with Cucullanus brevispiculus Moravec, Kohn & Fernandes, 1993 and C. rhamphichthydis Moravec, Kohn & Fernandes, 1997, two species previously reported as parasitizing freshwater fish in South America. The new species is characterized mainly by markedly short spicules, deirids and excretory pore situated posterior to the oesophago-intestinal junction, presence of strongly sclerotized plates in the oesophastome and oesophagus divided into two distinct portions.

7. Description of males of Parabronema pecariae Ivaschkin, 1960 (Nematoda, Habronematoidea) parasitizing peccaries (Mammalia, Tayassuidae) in Brazil - Vicente,J Júlio; Muniz-Pereira,Luís C; Noronha,Dely; Pinto,Roberto Magalhães
Nematodes studied herein and identified as Parabronema pecariae were collected in 1936 in the States of Rio de Janeiro and Pará and in 1940 in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. This species was proposed, with basis on female specimens that had been described earlier as Parabronema sp. Although the presence of males of P. pecariae was previously reported in Brazil, their description was not provided. The present paper deals with the first complete morphometric data on male specimens of P. pecariae recovered from peccaries (Pecari tajacu and Tayassu pecari).

8. A new nematode species Goezia leporini n. sp. (Anisakidae) from cultured freshwater fish Leporinus macrocephalus (Anostomidae) in Brazil - Martins,M. L.; Yoshitoshi,E. R.
This paper describes nematode infection in the cultured freshwater fish Leporinus macrocephalus (Osteichthyes: Anostomidae) collected at Batatais, São Paulo State, Brazil. Of a total of 32 examined fish, 21 (65%) were infected with Goezia leporini n. sp. (Nematoda: Anisakidae) with mean infection intensity of 4.1 parasites. The nematodes presented total length greater than G intermedia, G. holmesi, G. pelagia, G. minuta, G. kliksi, G. sinamora, G. nonipapillata, G. alii, G. moraveci, G. brasiliensis, and G. brevicaeca. The main difference was a great number of preanal papillae in males when compared to G. brasiliensis and G. brevicaeca. The present description also...

9. Patterns of infection with the nematodes Syphacia obvelata and Aspiculuris tetraptera in conventionally maintained laboratory mice - Bazzano,Telma; Restel,Tamy Ingrid; Pinto,Roberto Magalhães; Gomes,Delir Corrêa
Data on the frequency, distribution and mean intensity of the helminth fauna recovered from outbred and inbred mice conventionally maintained in Brazilian animal houses, are reported. The oxyurid nematodes Syphacia obvelata and Aspiculuris tetraptera presented overall frequencies of 91.5% and 8.5%, respectively. The frequency of S. obvelata in animals of three groups out of the four investigated ranged from 9% to 74% and A. tetraptera from 17% to 83%, since animals of one of the groups were negative for helminths. Infections due to a single species were observed in 62% of the animals, compared to 16% related to associations. The...

10. Description and prevalence of Thynnascaris sp. larvae Dollfus, 1933 (Nematoda: Anisakidae) in Plagioscion squamosissimus Heckel, 1840 from Volta Grande Reservoir, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil - MARTINS,M. L.; FUJIMOTO,R. Y.; MORAES,F. R.; ANDRADE,P. M.; NASCIMENTO,A. A.; MALHEIROS,E. B.
The present work studied helminth parasites of freshwater "corvina" Plagioscion squamosissimus from Volta Grande Reservoir, MG, Brazil. Sixty eight fishes with averages of 25.2 cm length and 180.9 g weight were collected with net, bimonthly from December 1995 thru December 1996. Parasites were carefully removed from their cysts that were present in the intestinal mesentery. Specimens were fixed in AFA 65°C and preserved in alcohol 70% with 5% of glicerine. In camera lucida 21 nematodes were drawned after clarification with acetic acid or Amann lactophenol. Nematode larvae were identified as Thynnascaris sp. (Nematoda: Anisakidae). From examined fishes 30 out of...

11. First Report of Lappetascaris lutjani Rasheed, 1965 (Nematoda, Ascaridoidea, Anisakidae) Parasitizing Trachipterus arawatae (Pisces, Lampridiformes) on the Atlantic Coast of Brazil - Vicente,Joaquim Júlio; Mincarone,Michael Maia; Pinto,Roberto Magalhães
New host and geographical records are reported for the nematode Lappetascaris lutjani Rasheed, 1965, parasitizing the marine fish Trachipterus arawatae Clark, 1881 in Brazilian waters. Morphometric data and illustrations of the parasites are included.

12. Ichthyouris voltagrandensis n.sp. (Nematoda: Pharyngodonidae) from Myleus tiete Eigenmann & Norris, 1900 (Osteichthyes: Characidae) in the Volta Grande Reservoir, MG, Brazil - MARTINS,M. L.; YOSHITOSHI,E. R.; UMEKITA,H.
The present work studied helminth parasites of "pacu-manteiga", Myleus tiete (Osteichthyes: Characidae) from Volta Grande Reservoir, MG, Brazil. Fishes with 142.6 ± 24.7 g weight and 17.3 ± 1.0 cm total length were collected. Five out six analysed fish (prevalence 83.3%) were parasitized in the intestine with an average of 535.6 ± 334.6 oxyurid nematodes per fish. The helminth was identified as Ichthyouris voltagrandensis n.sp. (Nematoda: Pharyngodonidae). It differs from I. brasiliensis (Moravec et al., 1992a) by the absence of lateral alae, higher measures of tail and caudal alae of males, esophageal isthmus length, distance of excretory pore from anterior...

13. On two nematodes from Brazilian birds and description of a new species (Acuarioidea, Schistorophinae) parasitizing Laterallus viridis (Müller, 1776) (Gruiformes, Rallidae) - Pinto,Roberto Magalhães; Vicente,Joaquim Júlio; Muniz-Pereira,Luís C; Noronha,Dely
The present paper reports acuarioid nematodes recovered from avian hosts. A new species of the genus Schistorophus Railliet, 1916 is proposed based mainly on findings referring to ptilina, spicules and vagina. Ancyracanthopsis coronata (Molin, 1860) Chabaud & Petter, 1959 is referred again in Brazil since its proposition in 1860, from specimens recovered from a Brazilian bird. A revised key to the species of the genus Schistorophus is also presented.

14. Natural infections with filarioidea nematodes in Hydrochaerus hydrochaeris in the floodplain of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil - NASCIMENTO,Adjair Antonio do; BONUTI,Marcos Roberto; TEBALDI,José Hairton; MAPELI,Elaine Bernardo; ARANTES,Isaú Gouveia
From 36 capybaras, slaughtered between 1989 and 1996, 11 young, less than 6 months old, and 25 adults, in the floodplain region of Mato Grosso do Sul, 570 Filarioidea nematodes were collected. Three hundred and ninety-four specimen of Cruorifilaria tuberocauda were collected from the renal arteries (380) and from pulmonary arteries (14) and 176 specimen of Yatesia hydrochoerus from the fasciae of skeleptical muscles, mainly from the obliquus externus abdominis region and from the internal faces of hind limbs.

15. Nematode Parasites of Brazilian Corvid Birds (Passeriformes): A General Survey with a Description of Viktorocara brasiliensis n. sp. (Acuariidae, Schistorophinae) - Pinto,Roberto Magalhães; Vicente,J Júlio; Noronha,Dely
This report deals with the identification of 139 samples of nematodes recovered from Brazilian jays. Viktorocara brasiliensis n. sp. is proposed and compared with V. capillaris, V. limosae, V. charadrii and V. garridoi which are the other species included in the genus. The differentiation of V. brasiliensis n. sp. was based on the ratios between muscular and glandular esophagus and spicules, as well. Other referred species are Acuaria mamillaris, A. mayori, Aprocta sp., Cheilospirura sp., Diplotriaena americana, D. bargusinica, Oxyspirura matogrosensis, Oxyspirura sp., Pelecitus helicinus, Procyrnea sp., Skrjabinura spiralis, Subulura papillosa, Synhimantus sp. and Tetrameres (Microtetrameres) sp., with the establishment...

16. Dioctowittus hughjonesi sp. n. (Nematoda: Cystoopsidae) from Liasis fuscus (Peters, 1873) (Serpentes: Boidae) from the Northern Territory and Morelia amethistina (Schneider, 1802) from Queensland, Australia - Mulder, Eridani. Central Queensland University. Faculty of Sciences, Engineering and Health.; Smales, Lesley R. Central Queensland University. Faculty of Sciences, Engineering and Health.
Dioctowittus hughjonesi sp n. (Nematoda: Cystoopsidae) is described from the peritoneal cavity of Liasis fuscus (Peters, 1873) from the Adelaide River floodplain, Northern Territory and from Morelia amethistina (Schneider, 1801) from Cape York Peninsula, Queensland. Dioctowittus hughjonesi is distinguished from others members of the genus by the presence of lateral lobes at both anterior and posterior ends, size of worms, size of eggs and presence of paired ventral papillae in males. The genus Dioctowittus is found only in tropical regions with high seasonal rainfall. A possible link in the life cycle between aquatic intermediate hosts and the presence of polar...

17. Dioctowittus hughjonesi sp. n. (Nematoda: Cystoopsidae) from Liasis fuscus (Peters, 1873) (Serpentes: Boidae) from the Northern Territory and Morelia amethistina (Schneider, 1802) from Queensland, Australia - Mulder, Eridani.; Smales, Lesley R.
Dioctowittus hughjonesi sp n. (Nematoda: Cystoopsidae) is described from the peritoneal cavity of Liasis fuscus (Peters, 1873) from the Adelaide River floodplain, Northern Territory and from Morelia amethistina (Schneider, 1801) from Cape York Peninsula, Queensland. Dioctowittus hughjonesi is distinguished from others members of the genus by the presence of lateral lobes at both anterior and posterior ends, size of worms, size of eggs and presence of paired ventral papillae in males. The genus Dioctowittus is found only in tropical regions with high seasonal rainfall. A possible link in the life cycle between aquatic intermediate hosts and the presence of polar...

18. Erradicación de nematodos noduladores en sustratos viverísticos - Castillo, Pablo; Nico, Andrés I.; Jiménez-Díaz, Rafael M.
Ensavos en viveros de olivo mediante procedimientos respetuosos con el medio ambiente. Uno de los problemas a los que se enfrenta el olivar es el de los nematodos fitoparásitos, el cual hay que evitar desde el mismo vivero. En el caso de que el viverista encuentre dificultades para adquirir sustratos de propagación garantizados deberá realizar prácticas que aseguren la eliminación de estos agentes infectivos. En este artículo se evalúan dos prácticas de saneamiento respetuosas con el medio ambiente: la solarización del sustrato apilado y el uso de enmiendas orgánicas.

19. Incorporating spatial distribution into the nematode functional guild concept - Park, Sun-Jeong
Functional guilds defined by nematode feeding types (bacteria-feeding, fungal-feeding, omnivore, predatory and plant-feeding) are further refined by colonizer-persister class (i.e. r- and K-strategists) which reflects life-history strategy. We compared spatial organization of nematode genera belonging to the same functional guild or colonizer-persister class to determine intraguild spatial distribution behavior. A total of 360 soil samples from turfgrass lawns were collected from three locations in each of the three Ohio cities, Wooster, Massillon and Canton, in July and October, 2007. The index of aggregation, ‘b’ of Taylor’s power law, was used to compare the spatial distributions of 21 nematode genera, six...

20. El nematodo del quiste de la remolacha - Castillo, Pablo
Tríptico divulgativo.

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