41.
Halicephalobus gingivalis (H.deletrix) in the brain of a horse - Vasconcelos,Rosemeri de Oliveira; Lemos,Karen Regina; Moraes,Julieta Rodini Engracia de; Borges,Vívian Palmeira
A 10-year-old Mangalarga gelding with rhabditiform nematode infection in the brain is described. Clinical signs were limited to circling and right side paralysis. Histological examination of the brain revealed marked gliosis and discreet edema. The perivascular mononuclear inflammatory infiltrate was composed of few layers of lymphocytes, plasmocytes and macrophages and rare eosinophils. The presence of rhabditiform nematodes was associated with the infiltrate. Areas of malacia associated with the parasites and parasite tracks with axonal spheroids were also seen close to the vessels and to the etiological agent and were more evident in the white matter. In the meninges there was...
42.
Aphelenchoides subtenuis (Cobb, 1926) Steiner & Buhrer, 1932 (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae) from Iran with morphological and morphometric characterisation. - Mohammad Deimi, Abbas; Tanha Maafi, Zahra; Palomares Rius, Juan E.; Castillo, Pablo
The bud and leaf nematode, Aphelenchoides subtenuis, infecting corms and pseudostems of gladiolus in Iran, is characterised morphologically and morphometrically using a light microscope and SEM. Its relationship with similar species is discussed. The species is characterised by a sub-cylindrical female tail with hemispherical terminus bearing a single, ventrally located, mucron, well-developed postuterine sac (115 μm long) extending for ca 65% of the vulva/anus distance, presence of three lines in the lateral field, and the conoid male tail with an inconspicuous mucron. This study extends the intraspecific variability of A. subtenuis.
43.
Paraorientatractis semiannulata n. g., n. sp. (Cosmocercoidea: Atractidae) from the Large Intestine of the SideNecked Turtle, Podocnemis unifilis Troschel, 1848 (Testudines: Pelomedusidae) in Brazil - Gibbons,Lynda M; Khalil,LF; Marinkelle,CJ
Specimens collected from the large intestine of the sidenecked turtle Podocnemis unifilis Troschel, 1848 in the region of Cuminá and Trombetas rivers near Pará, Brazil are assigned to a new genus and new species of the nematode superfamily Cosmocercoidea and family Atractidae and named Paraorientatractis semiannulata. The new genus is separated from the nearest genus Orientatractis by the funnelshaped mouth opening, the presence of 4 distinct lips, 4 papillae in the internal cycle, one on each lip margin, 2 lateral amphids with large amphidial pores and absence of submedian papillae. It is also separated from Orientatractis and Proatractis by the...
44.
Effect of multidrug resistance modulators on the activity of ivermectin and moxidectin against selected strains of Haemonchus contortus infective larvae - Molento,Marcelo B.; Prichard,Roger K.
Nematode parasites have shown resistance to the anthelmintics, ivermectin and moxidectin, and there is evidence that the over-expression of parasite P-glycoprotein (P-gp) may account, at least in part, for resistance to ivermectin. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether the multidrug resistance (MDR) modulators, verapamil, CL 347.099 (an analog of verapamil) and cyclosporin A, would enhance the efficacy of ivermectin and moxidectin against selected strains of Haemonchus contortus using an in vitro larval migration assay. The modulators had no effects on the number of migrating larvae when used alone. Ivermectin and moxidectin showed a significant (P<0.05) increase in...
45.
Ecology of the Fergusonina fly and Fergusobia nematode gall association in South Australia. - Head, Elise
Attempts were made to grow Fergusobia nematodes in a dual aseptic culture with Eucalyptus camaldulensis. Callus tissue was grown from E. camaldulensis stem pieces in aseptic conditions. Calli were prone to deterioration after 14 days unless transferred to fresh growth medium. Lower levels of solutes (25% Murashige and Skoog salts, 25% plant vitamins and 0.5% sucrose) were more successful than published concentrations. Fergusobia J2 nematodes were surface sterilised with either Hibitane or washed with water to prepare them for inoculation of callus (Hay, 1994). Fergusobia subsequently recovered from plates of callus were all dead, which raised questions of how the...
46.
Radiation Effects In Nematodes: Results From Experiments
The nematode was exposed to natural space radiation using the ESA facility aboard
on Laboratory 1, STS-42. For the major objective dormant animals were suspended
in buffer or on agar or immobilized next to CR-39 plastic nuclear track to correlate of HZE particles with
genetic events. This configuration was used to isolate mutations in a set of 350 essential genes as as in the uric-22
structural gene. From flight samples 13 mutants in the uric-22 gene were isolated along with 53 lethal mutations from
regions balanced by a eTl Preliminary analysis suggests that mutants from worms correlated
with specific cosmic ray tracks may have a higher...
47.
COMPARISON OF THE EFFICACIES OF DIAZINON ® +ALBENDAZOLE ®, IVOMEC ® AND IVOJEC ® ON THE CONTROL OF GASTRO-INTESTINAL NEMATODES AND ECTOPARASITES OF PIGS. - Talabi, AO; College of Agricultural Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago -Iwoye, Nigeria;; Oyekunle, MA; College of Agricultural Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago -Iwoye, Nigeria;; Onasanya, AS; College of Agricultural Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago -Iwoye, Nigeria;; Tijani, LA; Department of Animal Production, Lagos State Polytechnic, Ikorodu, Nigeria;; Sosanya, OS; College of Agricultural Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago -Iwoye, Nigeria;; Ettu, RO; College of Agricultural Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago -Iwoye, Nigeria;
The efficacies of diazinon® + albendazole®, ivomec® and ivojec® were compared on 12 pigs naturally infested with mange mites due to Sarcoptes scabiei and gastro-intestinal nematodes. Nematode eggs encountered include those of the Ascaris, Strongyle, Strongyloid and Trichuris. These pigs were randomly divided into four groups (A, B, C and D). Pigs in group A were treated with albendazole orally at 5mg /Kg body weight and thoroughly washed once with 0.02% diazinon® solution. Pigs in groups B and C were treated with ivomec® and ivojec® respectively at 0.3mg/kg body weight subcutaneously. Pigs in group D received no treatment. There were...
50.
Circuit Optimization Predicts Dynamic - Nematode Caenorhabditis Elegans,Nathan A. Dunn,John S. Conery,Shawn R. Lockery
The connectivity of the nervous system of the nematode Caenorhabditis
elegans has been described completely, but the analysis of the neuronal
basis of behavior in this system is just beginning. Here, we used
an optimization algorithm to search for patterns of connectivity sufficient
to compute the sensorimotor transformation underlying C. elegans
chemotaxis, a simple form of spatial orientation behavior in which turning
probability is modulated by the rate of change of chemical concentration.
51.
Population structure of Comesoma arenae Gerlach (Nematoda, Comesomatidae) in a Brazilian tropical tidalflat, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil - Esteves,André Morgado; Maria,Tatiana Fabricio; Wandeness,Adriane Pereira
The objective is to describe the population structure of Comesoma arenae Gerlach, 1956 during a one-year period. The area studied, Coroa Grande, is located in Sepetiba Bay, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Sampling was carried out monthly, from May 1998 through April 1999. Most individuals in the population were adults, of which non-ovigerous females were the most abundant. The species showed its highest population densities during the colder months.
57.
Effect of population densities of Pratylenchus brachyurus on the growth of cotton plants - INOMOTO,MÁRIO M.; GOULART,ALEXANDRE M. C.; MACHADO,ANDRESSA C. Z.; MONTEIRO,AILTON R.
The effect of different population densities of Pratylenchus brachyurus on the growth of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) plants was studied in three greenhouse experiments, using cultivars IAC 20 and IAC 22. Both cultivars proved to be good hosts to the nematode, which however did not affect plant height and affected only slightly fresh root weight and dry top weight of both cultivars, even at the highest population density (over 9,000 nematodes/plant).
58.
Response of cucurbit species to Rotylenchulus reniformis - Torres,Gustavo R. C.; Pedrosa,Elvira M. R.; Siqueira,Kércya M. S.; Moura,Romero M.
The state of Rio Grande do Norte is the major melon (Cucumis melo) producer in Brazil and the reniform nematode Rotylenchulus reniformis has become increasingly important due to damages to that crop and the lack of resistant cultivars and effective control measures. Under these circumstances, eight cucurbit genotypes were screened for resistance or tolerance to a population of R. reniformis in naturally infested field soil, under greenhouse conditions. A high reduction in shoot mass was found in all infected genotypes. Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) cv. Sugar Baby showed the lowest rate of nematode reproduction.
59.
Neural Network Models of Chemotaxis in the Nematode Caenorhabditis Elegans - Thomas C. Ferr'ee,Ben A. Marcotte,Shawn R. Lockery
We train recurrent networks to control chemotaxis in a computer
model of the nematode C. elegans. The model presented is based
closely on the body mechanics, behavioral analyses, neuroanatomy
and neurophysiology of C. elegans, each imposing constraints relevant
for information processing. Simulated worms moving autonomously
in simulated chemical environments display a variety
of chemotaxis strategies similar to those of biological worms.
1 INTRODUCTION
The nematode C. elegans provides a unique opportunity to study the neuronal basis
of neural computation in an animal capable of complex goal-oriented behaviors.
The adult hermaphrodite is only 1 mm long, and has exactly 302 neurons and 95
muscle cells. The morphology of every cell and the...
41.
