161.
Outer Membrane of Avian Myeloblastosis Virus
- Ishizaki, Ryotaro; Luftig, Ronald B.; Bolognesi, Dani P.
Guinea pigs immunized intracerebrally with avian myeloblastosis virus (AMV) produced antiserum which reacted with intact virus particles in complement fixation. The antigen in question appeared to be located on the surface of the virion and could be distinguished from the type-specific virus envelope and the group-specific internal antigens of chicken leukosis-sarcoma viruses (ChiLSV). The material could be isolated by sequential treatments of AMV with bromelin, Tween 20, and freeze-thawing, and could be purified by differential centrifugation. Electron microscopy analysis indicated the presence of a component resembling the outer membrane of the particle. The antigenic determinant was designated virus membrane antigen...
162.
Characteristics of a Virus Isolated from a Feline Fibrosarcoma
- McKissick, G. E.; Lamont, P. H.
A virus was isolated from a radioresistant feline fibrosarcoma. It induced multi-nucleated giant-cell formation and lysis in a cell line derived from a canine fibro-sarcoma, which was used to characterize the virus. End-point titrations in these cells required 28 days. The virus was sensitive to ether and heat and was destroyed at pH 3. Replication was not inhibited by 5-bromodeoxyuridine. Electron microscopy revealed assembly by a budding process from the plasma membrane of infected cells. The average diameter of the virion was 106 nm. Intracisternal particles with an average diameter of 45 nm were present within infected cells. In two...
163.
Structural Components of Oriboca Virus
- Rosato, Robert R.; Robbins, Mary Louise; Eddy, Gerald A.
Analysis of purified Oriboca virions by neutral, sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis indicated the presence of three structural polypeptides designated V-1, V-2, and V-3 on the basis of their relative electrophoretic mobilities in 8% gels. Polypeptides V-2 and V-3 are glycopeptides associated with the virion envelope as demonstrated by the preferential incorporation of labeled glucosamine into the polypeptides and by release of the polypeptides from the intact virion by the nonionic detergent NP-40. Polypeptide V-1 is the protein component of the nucleoprotein core of Oriboca virus as evidenced by the specific incorporation of uridine into the nucleoprotein, its release from...
164.
Structural Components of Oriboca Virus
- Rosato, Robert R.; Robbins, Mary Louise; Eddy, Gerald A.
Analysis of purified Oriboca virions by neutral, sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis indicated the presence of three structural polypeptides designated V-1, V-2, and V-3 on the basis of their relative electrophoretic mobilities in 8% gels. Polypeptides V-2 and V-3 are glycopeptides associated with the virion envelope as demonstrated by the preferential incorporation of labeled glucosamine into the polypeptides and by release of the polypeptides from the intact virion by the nonionic detergent NP-40. Polypeptide V-1 is the protein component of the nucleoprotein core of Oriboca virus as evidenced by the specific incorporation of uridine into the nucleoprotein, its release from...
165.
Lipid Composition of Purified Vesicular Stomatitis Viruses
- McSharry, James J.; Wagner, Robert R.
Methods are described for the production of vesicular stomatitis (VS) virus of sufficient purity for reliable chemical analysis. VS virions released from infected cells were concentrated and purified at least 150-fold by sequential steps of precipitation with polyethylene glycol, column chromatography, rate zonal centrifugation, and equilibrium centrifugation. The Indiana serotype (VSInd virus) propagated in L-cells was found to contain 3% ribonucleic acid, 64% protein, 13% carbohydrate, and 20% lipid; the molar ratio of cholesterol to phospholipid was 0.6 or greater. Thin-layer chromatography revealed no unusual neutral lipids or phospholipids and gas-liquid chromatography revealed no unusual fatty acids incorporated into VS...
166.
Lipid Composition of Purified Vesicular Stomatitis Viruses
- McSharry, James J.; Wagner, Robert R.
Methods are described for the production of vesicular stomatitis (VS) virus of sufficient purity for reliable chemical analysis. VS virions released from infected cells were concentrated and purified at least 150-fold by sequential steps of precipitation with polyethylene glycol, column chromatography, rate zonal centrifugation, and equilibrium centrifugation. The Indiana serotype (VSInd virus) propagated in L-cells was found to contain 3% ribonucleic acid, 64% protein, 13% carbohydrate, and 20% lipid; the molar ratio of cholesterol to phospholipid was 0.6 or greater. Thin-layer chromatography revealed no unusual neutral lipids or phospholipids and gas-liquid chromatography revealed no unusual fatty acids incorporated into VS...
167.
Tutorial sobre vírus
- Liane Margarida Rockenbach Tarouco
Apresenta um tutorial sobre vírus de computador, para orientar os usuários que utilizam o computador como ferramenta de trabalho.
168.
Virus-specific Ribonucleic Acid Synthesis in KB Cells Infected with Herpes Simplex Virus
- Flanagan, John F.
The production of virus-specific ribonucleic acid (RNA) was investigated in KB cells infected with herpes simplex virus. A fraction of RNA annealable to virus deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was found in these cells as early as 3 hr after virus inoculation. Production of this species of RNA increased up to 6 or 7 hr after infection, at which time elaboration of virus messenger RNA (mRNA) declined. At 24 hr after infection, the rate of incorporation of uridine into this RNA was approximately one-half of the rate present at 6 hr after inoculation. Nucleotide analysis of the RNA annealable to virus DNA...
169.
Virus-specific Ribonucleic Acid Synthesis in KB Cells Infected with Herpes Simplex Virus
- Flanagan, John F.
The production of virus-specific ribonucleic acid (RNA) was investigated in KB cells infected with herpes simplex virus. A fraction of RNA annealable to virus deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was found in these cells as early as 3 hr after virus inoculation. Production of this species of RNA increased up to 6 or 7 hr after infection, at which time elaboration of virus messenger RNA (mRNA) declined. At 24 hr after infection, the rate of incorporation of uridine into this RNA was approximately one-half of the rate present at 6 hr after inoculation. Nucleotide analysis of the RNA annealable to virus DNA...
170.
Production of Virus by Mammalian Cells Transformed by Rous Sarcoma and Murine Sarcoma Viruses
- Valentine, Artrice F.; Bader, John P.
Cultured cells of mammalian tumors induced by ribonucleic acid (RNA)-containing oncogenic viruses were examined for production of virus. The cell lines were established from tumors induced in rats and hamsters with either Rous sarcoma virus (Schmidt-Ruppin or Bryan strains) or murine sarcoma virus (Moloney strain). When culture fluids from each of the cell lines were examined for transforming activity or production of progeny virus, none of the cell lines was found to be infectious. However, electron microscopic examination of the various cell lines revealed the presence of particles in the rat cells transformed by either Rous sarcoma virus or murine...
171.
Production of Virus by Mammalian Cells Transformed by Rous Sarcoma and Murine Sarcoma Viruses
- Valentine, Artrice F.; Bader, John P.
Cultured cells of mammalian tumors induced by ribonucleic acid (RNA)-containing oncogenic viruses were examined for production of virus. The cell lines were established from tumors induced in rats and hamsters with either Rous sarcoma virus (Schmidt-Ruppin or Bryan strains) or murine sarcoma virus (Moloney strain). When culture fluids from each of the cell lines were examined for transforming activity or production of progeny virus, none of the cell lines was found to be infectious. However, electron microscopic examination of the various cell lines revealed the presence of particles in the rat cells transformed by either Rous sarcoma virus or murine...
172.
Studies of Nondefective Adenovirus 2-Simian Virus 40 Hybrid Viruses VII. Characterization of the Simian Virus 40 RNA Species Induced by Five Nondefective Hybrid Viruses
- Levine, Arthur S.; Levin, Myron J.; Oxman, Michael N.; Lewis, Andrew M.
Five nondefective adenovirus 2 (Ad2)-simian virus 40 (SV40) hybrid viruses have been isolated and found to contain segments of SV40 DNA covalently linked to Ad2 DNA. The quantity of SV40 DNA present is a stable characteristic of each hybrid virus, and varies from less than 5% (in Ad2+ND3) to more than 30% (in Ad2+ND4) of the SV40 genome. We have characterized the SV40 portions of these hybrids by relating the SV40-specific RNA sequences transcribed in cells infected with each hybrid virus to those transcribed in cells infected with each of the other hybrid viruses and with SV40 itself. RNA-DNA hybridization-competition...
173.
Marker Rescue with Ultraviolet-Inactivated Influenza Virus
- Sugiura, A.; Ueda, M.
Influenza Al/CAM virus undergoes abortive growth in FL cells, whereas X-3311, a recombinant virus clone from the cross between CAM and NWS, is capable of complete replication in FL cells and plaque formation on FL monolayers (FL-marker). Clone 1-5C-4 cells are permissive for both viruses. When either clone 1-5C-4 or FL cells, which were mixedly infected with both ultraviolet-irradiated X-3311 and active CAM viruses, were plated on FL monolayers, infective centers far exceeding in number those expected from the surviving X-3311 virus were observed, i.e., the FL-marker of the irradiated parent was rescued. The significantly lower radiation sensitivity of FL-marker...
174.
Studies of Nondefective Adenovirus 2-Simian Virus 40 Hybrid Viruses VII. Characterization of the Simian Virus 40 RNA Species Induced by Five Nondefective Hybrid Viruses
- Levine, Arthur S.; Levin, Myron J.; Oxman, Michael N.; Lewis, Andrew M.
Five nondefective adenovirus 2 (Ad2)-simian virus 40 (SV40) hybrid viruses have been isolated and found to contain segments of SV40 DNA covalently linked to Ad2 DNA. The quantity of SV40 DNA present is a stable characteristic of each hybrid virus, and varies from less than 5% (in Ad2+ND3) to more than 30% (in Ad2+ND4) of the SV40 genome. We have characterized the SV40 portions of these hybrids by relating the SV40-specific RNA sequences transcribed in cells infected with each hybrid virus to those transcribed in cells infected with each of the other hybrid viruses and with SV40 itself. RNA-DNA hybridization-competition...
175.
Marker Rescue with Ultraviolet-Inactivated Influenza Virus
- Sugiura, A.; Ueda, M.
Influenza Al/CAM virus undergoes abortive growth in FL cells, whereas X-3311, a recombinant virus clone from the cross between CAM and NWS, is capable of complete replication in FL cells and plaque formation on FL monolayers (FL-marker). Clone 1-5C-4 cells are permissive for both viruses. When either clone 1-5C-4 or FL cells, which were mixedly infected with both ultraviolet-irradiated X-3311 and active CAM viruses, were plated on FL monolayers, infective centers far exceeding in number those expected from the surviving X-3311 virus were observed, i.e., the FL-marker of the irradiated parent was rescued. The significantly lower radiation sensitivity of FL-marker...
176.
Ultrastructural Studies of Hepatitis A Virus by Electron Microscopy
- Cook, E. H.; Bradley, D. W.; Gravelle, C. R.; Maynard, J. E.
Well-defined, core-like structures were visualized in hepatitis A virus particles by a modified microelectron microscopy technique.
177.
Proposal for Numbering Mutants of Avian Leukosis and Sarcoma Viruses
- Vogt, Peter K.; Weiss, Robin A.; Hanafusa, Hidesaburo
A system for the numbering of mutants of avian sarcoma and leukosis viruses is proposed.
178.
Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis Measles Virus: Study of Biological Markers
- Hamilton, R.; Barbosa, L.; Dubois, M.
Comparative studies between two measles virus strains isolated from patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) and a prototype low tissue culture passage Edmonston measles virus are described. Differences were noted in several properties. The findings described in this report suggest that strains of measles virus associated with SSPE have different biological properties and apparently cannot be distinguished from laboratory and field strains of the virus.
179.
Efficient Filtration and Sizing of Viruses with Membrane Filters
- Ver, Binie A.; Melnick, Joseph L.; Wallis, Craig
Untreated membrane filters retain viruses by adsorption, as well as by physical restriction which occurs when the pore diameter of the filter is smaller than that of the virus particle. As originally recommended by Elford, membranes had to be pretreated with proteinaceous material to preclude virus adsorption. However, coating materials that prevent adsorption of certain viruses do not necessarily prevent adsorption of other viruses. In contrast to proteins, salts enhance virus adsorption. Viruses treated with sodium lauryl sulfate to reduce the surface tension, or purified viruses in distilled water, are not adsorbed to membranes. A procedure is recommended by which...
180.
Apparent In Vivo Pathway of Granulosis Virus Invasion and Infection
- Summers, Max D.
The invasion and ensuing replication of an insect granulosis virus in Trichoplusia ni is described.
