81.
Variación lingüística y red social en una comunidad canaria
- San Juan Hernández, José E.
Se intenta comprobar si la red social puede funcionar como un marco teórico y analítico para la interpretación de la variedad lingüística canaria. Ciertamente, la incorporación de esta variable social al estudio de la variación y el cambio lingüísticos en la comunidad analizada, Lomo Largo barrio semi-rural de la ciudad de La Laguna, muestra como esta perspectiva puede ser la más adecuada para el análisis sociolingüísitico de ciertas comunidades del archipiélago, sobre todo de las rurales, cuya organización no se sustenta sobre la clase social del modelo laboviano, sino sobre otros elementos culturales y estructuras sociales, los cuales llevan a...
82.
Representation Models for Aggregating Linguistic Information: Issues and Analysis
- F. Herrera; E. Herrera-viedma; L. Martínez
. The linguistic information has been used successfully in many areas. The aggregation of linguistic information is a crucial aspect. In the literature we can nd dierent linguistic computational models that present linguistic aggregation operators as: (i) The computational model based on the Extension Principle, which operates over the fuzzy numbers that supports the semantics of the linguistic labels. (ii) The symbolic one makes the computations directly over the order index of the linguistic labels. And, (iii) the model based on the linguistic 2-tuple representation, which uses the symbolic translation to make the linguistic computations. Depending upon the linguistic aggregation...
83.
Choice Functions and Mechanisms for Linguistic Preference Relations
- F. Herrera; F. Herrera; Herrera Herrera-Viedma; E. Herrera-viedma
The problem of finding a solution set of alternatives when a linguistic preference relation represents a collective preference is analyzed following two research lines, choice functions and mechanisms. Four classical choice sets of alternatives for a linguistic preference relation are presented and some relations between them are pointed out. The concept of linguistic choice function as a tool to derive linguistic choice sets of alternatives is introduced and some particular linguistic choice functions are presented together with a study of their rationality properties. On the other hand, two types of linguistic choice mechanisms to derive solution sets of alternatives from...
84.
Knowledge and data integration with linguistic equations
- Esko K. Juuso
ABSTRACT: Linguistic equations are designed for integrating knowledge and data in development of nonlinear multivariable systems for intelligent process analysis, process control, fault diagnosis and forecasting. Insight to the process operation is maintained since all the modules can be assessed by expert knowledge and membership definitions relate measurements to appropriate linguistic terms on different operating areas. The linguistic equation (LE) approach increases the performance by combining various specialised models in a case-based approach: models can be generated automatically from data; various fuzzy models can be represented by LE models; neural networks and evolutionary computing can be used in tuning. Individual...
85.
Actitudes lingüísticas de los escolares en el "Baix Cinca": incidencia de algunos factores
- Biscarri Gassió, Joan; Huguet Canalís, Angel
Placed in the linguistic and sociocultural context of the Aragon oriental area, where the two contact languages -castilian and catalan- coexist in a strong unbalanced conditions on behalf of the first one, and facing the teaching program of regulation for the catalan language through the Cooperation Agreement signed between the central Educational Ministry -MEC- and the autonomic Cultural and Educational Departament of the Diputación General de Aragon -DGA- in november 1986; in this paper we analyse the some factors influence in the linguistic attitudes of the students
86.
¿Es posible una "historia de las ideas lingüísticas en España"?
- Abad Nebot, Francisco
The present article deals with some basic problems which are still raised in the historiography of linguistic ideas in Spain. We discuss the want of a well established list of authors, in which the most important ones would be stressed, and also the incorrect interpretation of the works of established authors, in some cases things never said by these authors being attributed to them. These considerations are exemplified by reference to Antonio de Nebrija, Lope de Vega, Fray Martín Sarmiento and Unamuno.
87.
Canvi lingüístic en morfologia nominal a la Conca de Tremp.
- Romero Galera, Sílvia
La present tesi pretén aportar noves dades que contribueixin al coneixement de les relacions entre la varietat estàndard i les varietats geogràfiques. A partir de la caracterització d'una comunitat de transició intradialectal, la Conca de Temp, s'analitza l'estat i la direcció del procés de canvi lingüístic que opera en el català nord-occidental, i la incidència que hi exerceixen diversos factors lingüístics i extralingüístics.
88.
Handbook of the linguistic geography of New England, by Hans Kurath with the collaboration of Marcus L. Hansen, Julia Bloch [and] Bernard Bloch.
- Kurath, Hans, ed. 1891-; Kurath, Hans, ed. 1891- Linguistic atlas of New England.
240 p. illus.
89.
A Fuzzy Linguistic Representation Model Based on a Symbolic Translation
- F. Herrera; Luis Martínez
The fuzzy linguistic approach has been applied successfully to many problems. However, there is a limitation on this approach, the loss of information. It appears due to its information representation model (discrete terms) and the computational methods used when fusion and combination processes are performed on linguistic variables. In this contribution we propose a new fuzzy linguistic representation model based on the concept of "Symbolic Translation" for dealing with linguistic information in a continuous domain. Together with this representation model we shall develop a computational technique for fusing linguistic variables without loss of information. Keywords: Linguistic variables, linguistic modeling, fusion...
90.
Modelling and Control with Linguistic Equations
- Esko Juuso Control; Esko K. Juuso
Linguistic equations are useful for taking into account non-linearity especially in multivariable application systems. The main benefit is better and more accurate decision-making due to the model-based approach and systematic knowledge management. Insight to the process dynamic operation is the most important issue. Automatic generation of systems, model-based techniques and adaptation techniques are very valuable in developing and tuning the controllers. The linguistic equation approach increases the performance by combining various control objectives in a case-based approach. The LE approach is also very efficient as a modelling technique: models can be generated from data, various types of fuzzy rule-based models...
91.
Pipes: Linguistic Support for Ordered Asynchronous Invocations
- Adrian Colbrook; Eric A. Brewer; Wilson C. Hsieh; Paul Wang; William E. Weihl
We describe pipes, a new linguistic mechanism for sequences of ordered asynchronous procedure calls in multiprocessor systems. Pipes allow a sequence of remote invocations to be performed in order, but asynchronously with respect to the calling thread. Using pipes results in programs that are easier to understand and debug than those with explicit synchronization between asynchronous invocations. The semantics of pipes make no assumptions about the underlying architecture, which enhances code portability. However, the implementation of pipes by the language compiler can be optimized so as to take advantage of any underlying message ordering a particular architecture may provide. Pipes...
92.
Linguistic description of patterns from mined images
- Ian Chai
Abstract: The objective of this paper is to propose an approach to describe patterns in remote-sensed images utilising fuzzy logic. The general form of a linguistically quantified proposition is “QY’s are F ” where Q is a fuzzy linguistic quantifier, Y is a class of objects and F is a summary that applies to that class. The truth of such a proposition can be determined for each object characterised by a tuple in the database. Fuzzy descriptions of linguistic summaries help to evaluate the degree to which a summary describes an object or pattern in the image. A genetic algorithm...
93.
Diversidad lingüística e inmigración: ¿por qué dilapidar un patrimonio de valor incalculable?
- Comellas Casanova, Pere
En este artículo, se afirma con propiedad que la diversidad lingüística es un hecho
positivo, valioso y útil. Las razones aducidas para ello están basadas en la necesidad
crucial que tienen las lenguas de una influencia mutua que fecunde nuevas
formas de conocimiento, palabras, préstamos, emociones, y permita la renovación
y supervivencia de las mismas. Esto choca con las consabidas visiones ideológicas
de los estados-nación ante la diversidad y la valoración que han otorgado a las
lenguas minoritarias dentro de su territorio nacional y ultramarino. La llegada de
la inmigración supone un desafío a la vigencia de los discursos hegemónicos
sobre la lengua o las varias lenguas que...
94.
A 2-tuple Fuzzy Linguistic Representation Model for Computing with Words
- F. Herrera; L. Martínez; F. Herrera
The fuzzy linguistic approach has been applied successfully to many problems such as information retrieval, marketing, scheduling, decision making, etc. However, there is a limitation on this approach imposed by its information representation model (linguistic terms) and the computation methods used when fusion and combination processes are performed on linguistic variables. This limitation is the loss of information produced by these computation methods due to the use of an approximation process that implies a lack of precision in the nal results from the fusion of linguistic information. In this paper we present tools for overcoming this limitation. We propose a...
95.
An Approach for Combining Numerical and Linguistic Information based on the 2-tuple Fuzzy Linguistic Representation Model in Decision-Making
- F. Herrera; L. Martínez; F. Herrera
In this paper we develop a procedure for combining numerical and linguistic information without loss of information in the transformation processes between numerical and linguistic information, taking as the base the 2-tuple fuzzy linguistic representation model. We shall analyze the conditions to impose the linguistic term set in order to ensure that the combination procedure does not produce any loss of information. Afterwards the aggregation process will be applied to a decision procedure over a multi-attribute decision-making problem dealing with numerical and linguistic information, that is, with qualitative and quantitative attributes. Keywords: Linguistic modeling, aggregation processes, combining linguistic and numerical...
96.
A LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA NO BRASIL: UMA POLÍTICA DE HOMOGENEIZAÇÃO LINGÜÍSTICA
- KARINA MENDES THOMAZ
The Portuguese Language in Brazil - a linguistic homogeneization politics analyzes, taking as reference the Language Politics in Brazil, the specific theme of the inadequacy of the actions of language politics adopted in the country since its colonization until the present days. Although the implementation of a linguistic politics coherent with the national characteristics has yet not being occurred, political actions over languages are practiced since the country colonization. In each of the most significant historical moments for the country - Brazil Colony, Empire, Republic before the Constitution of 1988 and after it - were verified the maleficences and benefits...
97.
On Linguistic Approximation In The Frame Of LFLC
- Antonin Dvorák
. This paper presents a new linguistic approximation algorithm and its implementation in the frame of Linguistic Fuzzy Logic Controller (LFLC). The algorithm presented is designed for fuzzy logical inference mechanism implemented in LFLC. Keywords: linguistic approximation, inference mechanism, expert systems 1 Introduction This article deals with the problem of linguistic approximation. By definition, linguistic approximation is a procedure which assigns linguistic expression to a given fuzzy set. The usual method of obtaining results in fuzzy systems is called defuzzification. It means that as soon as we perform one step of inference mechanism, we defuzzify obtained fuzzy set and receive...
98.
L'ús lingüístic dels alumnes dels programes educatius bilingües
- Baldaquí Escandell, Josep Maria
Aquest treball analitza l'ús lingüístic dels jóvens valencians en relació a diverses variables sociolingüístiques, entre les quals hi ha el programa educatiu en què estudien (programes bilingües o monolingües).
99.
L'ús lingüístic dels alumnes dels programes educatius bilingües
- Baldaquí Escandell, Josep Maria
Aquest treball analitza l'ús lingüístic dels jóvens valencians en relació a diverses variables sociolingüístiques, entre les quals hi ha el programa educatiu en què estudien (programes bilingües o monolingües).
100.
Sintaxe da enunciação : noção mediadora para reconhecimento de uma lingüística da enunciação
- Lichtenberg, Sônia
Neste trabalho, estuda-se a sintaxe da enunciação, definida como atividade dos sujeitos com e na língua, exigência da promoção de sentido, com a finalidade de comprovar que a obra de Benveniste, constante em Problemas de Lingüística Geral I e em Problemas de Lingüística Geral II, constitui uma unidade. Considerando-se o conjunto de textos em que são apresentados aspectos teóricos e o conjunto de textos que trata de descrições de fatos de língua, verificam-se inter-relações entre teoria e prática, as quais se resumem em três princípios: a) língua é intersubjetiva; b) a língua tem como unidade a frase; c) a língua...
