http://biblioteca.universia.net/verColeccion.do?id=4001 Mostrando recursos 1 - 20 de 1,849 es http://biblioteca.universia.net/img/logotipo.jpg http://biblioteca.universia.net/ http://biblioteca.universia.net/ficha.do?id=9435164 Involution of the mammary gland is an essential process that removes the milk-producing epithelial cells when they become redundant at weaning. It is a two-step process that involves the death of the secretory epithelium and its replacement by adipo-cytes. During the first phase, remodelling is inhibited and apoptotic cells can be seen in the lumena of the alveoli. In the second phase, apoptosis is accompanied by remodelling of the surrounding stroma and re-differentiation of the adipocytes. ... Watson, Christine J http://biblioteca.universia.net/ficha.do?id=9435165 Opportunities for the detection, prediction, and treatment of breast cancer exist at three biological levels: systemically via the blood, at the whole organ level, and within the individual ductal lobular structures of the breast. This review covers the evaluation of approaches targeted to the ductal lobular units, where breast cancer begins. Studies to date suggest the presence of 5 to 12 independent ductal lobular systems per breast, each harboring complex cellular fluids contributed by loc... King, Bonnie L; Love, Susan M http://biblioteca.universia.net/ficha.do?id=9435168 Massive tissue remodelling occurs within the mammary gland during pregnancy, resulting in the formation of lobuloalveoli that are capable of milk secretion. Endocrine signals generated predominantly by prolactin and progesterone operate the alveolar switch to initiate these developmental events. Here we review the current understanding of the components of the alveolar switch and conclude with an examination of the role of the ets transcription factor Elf5. We propose that Elf5 is a key regul... Oakes, Samantha R; Hilton, Heidi N; Ormandy, Christopher J http://biblioteca.universia.net/ficha.do?id=9435171 Overdiagnosis is diagnosis of cancers that would not present within the life of the patient and is one of the downsides of screening. This applies to low-grade ductal carcinoma in situ and some small grade 1 invasive cancers. Radiologists are responsible for cancer diagnosis, but at the time of diagnosis they cannot determine whether a particular low-grade diagnosis is one to which the definition of overdiagnosis applies. Overdiagnosis is likely to be driven by technological developments, inc... Warren, Ruth; Eleti, Asha http://biblioteca.universia.net/ficha.do?id=9435173 Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is encountered much more frequently in the screening population compared to the symptomatic setting. The behaviour of DCIS is highly variable and this presents difficulties in choosing appropriate treatment strategies for individual cases. This review discusses the current data on the frequency and rate of progression of DCIS, the value and limitations of clinicopathological and biological variables in predicting disease behaviour and suggests strategies to dev... Jones, J Louise http://biblioteca.universia.net/ficha.do?id=9435179 Crandall, Carolyn; Palla, Shana; Reboussin, Beth A; Ursin, Giske; Greendale, Gail http://biblioteca.universia.net/ficha.do?id=9435187 Models of breast cancer incidence have evolved from the observation by Armitage and Doll in the 1950s that the pattern of incidence by age differs for reproductive cancers from those of other major malignancies. Both two-stage and multistage models have been applied to breast cancer incidence. Consistent across modeling approaches, risk accumulation or the rate of increase in breast cancer incidence is most rapid from menarche to first birth. Models that account for the change in risk after m... Colditz, Graham A; Rosner, Bernard A http://biblioteca.universia.net/ficha.do?id=9435189 The mammary epithelium contains multipotent stem cells that give rise to all differentiated cell types present within the tissue. Mammary epithelial stem cells have been prospectively purified from dissociated mammary epithelium on the basis of cell surface antigen expression. It has become apparent in recent years that for breast cancer and other malignancies only a small proportion of tumour cells – 'cancer stem cells' – have the capacity for extensive proliferation and transferral of the t... Lynch, Magnus D; Cariati, Massimiliano; Purushotham, Anand D http://biblioteca.universia.net/ficha.do?id=9435190 The introduction of comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) in 1992 opened new avenues in genomic investigation; in particular, it advanced analysis of solid tumours, including breast cancer, because it obviated the need to culture cells before their chromosomes could be analyzed. The current generation of CGH analysis uses ordered arrays of genomic DNA sequences and is therefore referred to as array-CGH or matrix-CGH. It was introduced in 1998, and further increased the potential of CGH to p... van Beers, Erik H; Nederlof, Petra M http://biblioteca.universia.net/ficha.do?id=9435195 Candidate polymorphism-based genetic epidemiological studies have yielded little success in the search for low-penetrance breast cancer susceptibility genes. The lack of progress is partially due to insufficient coverage of genomic regions with genetic markers, as well as economic constraints, limiting both the number of genetic targets and the number of individuals being studied. Recent rapid advances in high-throughput genotyping technology and our understanding of genetic variation pattern... Low, Yen-Ling; Wedrén, Sara; Liu, Jianjun http://biblioteca.universia.net/ficha.do?id=9435196 The common link with oestrogen levels suggests that bone mineral density and mammographic density might also be linked. One study found weak support for this, but another study failed to provide confirmation. Overall, the relationship is very weak, if it exists at all. Other factors such as weight-bearing exercise, which have opposing impacts on these variables, may have a more dominant effect. Cuzick, Jack http://biblioteca.universia.net/ficha.do?id=18457815 Involution of the mammary gland is an essential process that removes the milk-producing epithelial cells when they become redundant at weaning. It is a two-step process that involves the death of the secretory epithelium and its replacement by adipo-cytes. During the first phase, remodelling is inhibited and apoptotic cells can be seen in the lumena of the alveoli. In the second phase, apoptosis is accompanied by remodelling of the surrounding stroma and re-differentiation of the adipocytes. ... Watson, Christine J http://biblioteca.universia.net/ficha.do?id=18457816 Opportunities for the detection, prediction, and treatment of breast cancer exist at three biological levels: systemically via the blood, at the whole organ level, and within the individual ductal lobular structures of the breast. This review covers the evaluation of approaches targeted to the ductal lobular units, where breast cancer begins. Studies to date suggest the presence of 5 to 12 independent ductal lobular systems per breast, each harboring complex cellular fluids contributed by loc... King, Bonnie L; Love, Susan M http://biblioteca.universia.net/ficha.do?id=18457819 Massive tissue remodelling occurs within the mammary gland during pregnancy, resulting in the formation of lobuloalveoli that are capable of milk secretion. Endocrine signals generated predominantly by prolactin and progesterone operate the alveolar switch to initiate these developmental events. Here we review the current understanding of the components of the alveolar switch and conclude with an examination of the role of the ets transcription factor Elf5. We propose that Elf5 is a key regul... Oakes, Samantha R; Hilton, Heidi N; Ormandy, Christopher J http://biblioteca.universia.net/ficha.do?id=18457822 Overdiagnosis is diagnosis of cancers that would not present within the life of the patient and is one of the downsides of screening. This applies to low-grade ductal carcinoma in situ and some small grade 1 invasive cancers. Radiologists are responsible for cancer diagnosis, but at the time of diagnosis they cannot determine whether a particular low-grade diagnosis is one to which the definition of overdiagnosis applies. Overdiagnosis is likely to be driven by technological developments, inc... Warren, Ruth; Eleti, Asha http://biblioteca.universia.net/ficha.do?id=18457824 Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is encountered much more frequently in the screening population compared to the symptomatic setting. The behaviour of DCIS is highly variable and this presents difficulties in choosing appropriate treatment strategies for individual cases. This review discusses the current data on the frequency and rate of progression of DCIS, the value and limitations of clinicopathological and biological variables in predicting disease behaviour and suggests strategies to dev... Jones, J Louise http://biblioteca.universia.net/ficha.do?id=18457830 Crandall, Carolyn; Palla, Shana; Reboussin, Beth A; Ursin, Giske; Greendale, Gail http://biblioteca.universia.net/ficha.do?id=18457838 Models of breast cancer incidence have evolved from the observation by Armitage and Doll in the 1950s that the pattern of incidence by age differs for reproductive cancers from those of other major malignancies. Both two-stage and multistage models have been applied to breast cancer incidence. Consistent across modeling approaches, risk accumulation or the rate of increase in breast cancer incidence is most rapid from menarche to first birth. Models that account for the change in risk after m... Colditz, Graham A; Rosner, Bernard A http://biblioteca.universia.net/ficha.do?id=18457840 The mammary epithelium contains multipotent stem cells that give rise to all differentiated cell types present within the tissue. Mammary epithelial stem cells have been prospectively purified from dissociated mammary epithelium on the basis of cell surface antigen expression. It has become apparent in recent years that for breast cancer and other malignancies only a small proportion of tumour cells – 'cancer stem cells' – have the capacity for extensive proliferation and transferral of the t... Lynch, Magnus D; Cariati, Massimiliano; Purushotham, Anand D http://biblioteca.universia.net/ficha.do?id=18457841 The introduction of comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) in 1992 opened new avenues in genomic investigation; in particular, it advanced analysis of solid tumours, including breast cancer, because it obviated the need to culture cells before their chromosomes could be analyzed. The current generation of CGH analysis uses ordered arrays of genomic DNA sequences and is therefore referred to as array-CGH or matrix-CGH. It was introduced in 1998, and further increased the potential of CGH to p... van Beers, Erik H; Nederlof, Petra M